إجازة الأستاذ أحمد لبن مدير المنتدى بقراءة الإمام عاصم الكوفي

The call for the unity of Religions

(Wahdatul Adyaan):

A False and Dangerous Call.

الدعوة إلى وحدة الأديان: دعوة باطلة وخطيرة .

We hear nowadays a strnge call by organized grorps involving some Christians, Jews, and " Muslim" intellectuals calling for wahdatul adyaan. They claim that these there religions stand for the same belief that there is one God and should unite in their call for the implementation of great moral values. Some of those involved call for the establishment of centers containing churches, synagogues, and massaajid side by side, printing the Qur'aan, the Bible, and the Torah in one binding, etc. In the name of defending Islaam against political and media distortions in the West, some organizations are compromising the basics of the Islaamic creed through what is called "Bridging

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9 In a testimony before a U.S. House sub-committee on National Security, International Affairs and Criminal Justice, Atif Harden, the Executive Director of the American Muslim Council (AMC) Said, " I am weary of hearing and seeing Islam and Muslims portrayed as foreign and different. We are consins of Jews and Christians. We worship the same God, follow the teachings of the same prophets, and believe in the same books. We are all followers of Abraham." [The full text was published by the Saudi Gazette (an English Daily), Monday the 15th of October, 1998, p. 9].

This concept is in direct opposition to the teachings of the Qur'aan and authentic Sunnah. Those who associate partners with Allaah. The books of the Jews and Christians contain alterations and are completely abrogated by the Qur'aan. The jews and Christians are not followers of the faith of tawheed of Ibraaheem (Abraham) for Ibraaheem was neither a Christian nor a Jew, he was a pure Muslim, as Allaah سبحانه وتعالى says:

) مَا كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَهُودِيّاً وَلا نَصْرَانِيّاً وَلَكِنْ كَانَ حَنِيفاً مُسْلِماً وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ) (آل عمران:67)

Ibraaheem was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was a true Muslim Huneefan (Who worshipped none but Allaah Alone) and he was not of Al-Mushrikeen. [Qur'aan, Soorat Aal- Imaraan (3 :67)].

Parctically implies the elimination of the truth perfected in the deen of Islaam. The Christians and Jews want the Muslims to be like them. That is why they support this deceptive call for " unity". Allaah سبحانه وتعالى spoke of their attempts and called the Muslims to be aware of them:

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Had they been true followers of their prophets, the Jews and Christians would believe in the prophet Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم and his message of Islaam. The Prophet صلي الله عليه وسلم said:

"والذي نفس محمد بيده لا يسمع بي أحد من هذه الأمة يهودي ولا نصراني، ثم يموت ولم يؤمن بالذي أرسلت به إلا كان من أصحاب النار ."

" By Him (Allaah) in whose hand Muhammad's soul is, there is none from amongst the jews and the Christians (of these present nations) who hears about me and then dies without believing in the Message with which I have been sent (i.e. tawheed), but he will be from the dwellers of the (Hell) Fire." [Reported by Muslim in his Saheeh (English Translation), vol. 1, no. 284].

The belief in the prophet Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم is the attestation with full acceptance and submission, not just mere attestation, that what he brought forth is the truth. That is why Abu Taalib (the uncle of the prophet صلي الله عليه وسلم) did not become a believer in the Messenger صلي الله عليه وسلم, despite his attestation to what the prophet صلي الله عليه وسلم brought forth and his witness that it is the best of religions.

The brother who uttered the aforementioned statement should repent to Allaah تعالى correct it, and declare the truth in the best possible way.

)وَدُّوا لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُوا فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَاءً) (النساء: من الآية 89)

They wish that you reject Faith, as they have rejected (Faith), and thus that you all become equal (like one another). [Qur'aan, Soorat An-Nisaa' (4 :89)].

One of the fundamental beliefs in Islaam is the kufr (unbelief) of the Christians and Jews because they reject the Qur'aan and the message of Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم to them. They have also altered their books in such a way that it permits or even enjoins worship of other than Allaah and (or) the association of partners with Him in worship. Any Muslim who doubts their kufr is a kaafir himself.

Some Muslims who do not understand certain texts from the Qur'aan and (or) anthentic sunnah and may be easily deceived by the call for "unity of religions". It is important to know that if certain texts are not clear to some they are clear to others from those who are firm in the knowledge of the deen.10 Consequently, nothing stays unclear for

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10 Allaah Says:

) وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ) (النساء: من الآية 83)

Those who are seeking the truth and not just following vain desires. For example, some may understand that the following text is evidence that the Jews and Christians are not kuffaar :

)إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَالَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالنَّصَارَى وَالصَّابِئِينَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحاً فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَلا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ) (البقرة: 62)

Verily! Those who believe and those Jews and Christians, and Sabians,11 whoever believes in Allaah and the Last Day, and work righteousness shall have their reward with their Rabb [Allaah], on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve. [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Baqarah (2 :62)].

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If only they had referred it to the Messenger or to ulil amri [scholars and those charged with authority] among them, the proper investigators would have understood it from them [directly]. [Qur'aan, Soorat An- Nisaa'(4:83)].

It was the norm for the sahaabah to ask the Prophet صلي الله عليه وسلم in his life of what they did not know. Then after his death they asked the learned amongst them, and so did those who followed their path in righteoueness. Asking the learned scholars, therefore, was the way of the salaf especially if something doubtful arose.

A past nation who used to live in al-Mawsil ('Iraq) and said, " La Ilaaha Illallaah." They were neither Jews nor Christians.

Shaykh- ul -Islaam ibn Taymeeyah said : "The aayah (above) tells about the followers of these four unaltered milal (paths) before abrogation [by the advent of prophet Muhammad's complete message]."12 It, therefore, addresses those who believed in tawheed and followed the path of Allaah as was known to them. Those who continued on this belief and did not alter the scriptures must follow the Qur'aan and the Message of Islam as explained by prophet Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم. Furthermore, the order of the

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12Ibn Taymeeyah in Al-Jawaabus-Saheeh Liman Baddala Deenal-Maseeh (The correct Reponse for those who altered the Religion of 'Eessa) [Riyaadh, K.S.A: Daarul 'Aasimah, 1414/1993] vol. 2, pp. 212-213. As to whether Jews and Christians of our times are from the people of the Book or not, one first should understand what the term "People of the Book" means. It means that original Books were revealed to their prophets. Musa and Eessa, respectively. When they held to the beliefs of 'Eessa and Musa, they were not kuffaar. However, when they continued to believe in the altered and abrogated forms of these Books and commit shirk, they became kuffaar, even though they are still referred to as " People of the Book". Allaah knew they would alter the Books and warned them against that. He سبحانه وتعالى still refers to them in the Qur'aan as " People of the Book", and clearly states that they have committed kufr and deviated from the path of tawhedd which their prophets called them to adhere to.

Above aayah, as ibn ' Abbaas رضي الله عنهما explained, was canceled by aayah 3 : 85, which states:

)وَمَنْ يَبْتَغِ غَيْرَ الْأِسْلامِ دِيناً فَلَنْ يُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ) (آل عمران: 85)

And whoever seeks a religion other than Islaam, it will never be accepted of him, and in the Hereafter he will be one of the losers. [Qur'aan, Soorat Aal-Imraan (3 :85)].

Following the alterations in their religion, most of the people of the Book turned kuffaar and few remained on the original teachings of the Torah and the Gospel. This is clear in the Qur'anic texts where Allaah, the Most High, says:

) وَلَوْ آمَنَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُمْ مِنْهُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَأَكْثَرُهُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ) (آل عمران: من الآية110)

And had the people of the Scriptures believed, it would have been better for them; among them are some who have faith,14 but most of them are

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13Like the belief of Muslims who accepted the Message of Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم.

14Includes those amongst them who had faith before Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم was sent to mankind. The believers whom Allaah descrived:

al-Faasiqoon [Disobedient to Allaah and His Messenger, and rebellious against Allaah's Command]. [Qur'aan, Soorat Aal-'Imraan (3 :110)].

Following the above description, Allaah سبحانه وتعالى said:

)لَيْسُوا سَوَاءً مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ أُمَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ يَتْلُونَ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَهُمْ يَسْجُدُونَ * يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَيُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَأُولَئِكَ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ) (آل عمران: 113 -114)

Not all of them are a like ; a party of the people of the Scripture stand for the right, they recite the aayaat of Allaah during the hours of the night, prostrating themselves in prayer. They believe in Allaah and the Last Day; they enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, and they hasten in good works; and they are among the righteous. [Qur'aan, Soorat Aal-'Imraan (3:112-114)].

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) وَجَعَلْنَا فِي قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ رَأْفَةً) إلى قوله تعالى:) فَآتَيْنَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ وَكَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ) (الحديد: من الآية 27)

And we ordained in the hearts of those who followed him ('Eessa) compassion and Mercy … So, we gave those among them who believed their (due) reward, but many of them are Fassiqoon. [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Hadeed (57:27)].

This party includes those who held to the original Scriptures before they were abrogated by Qur'aan and Sunnah. They were on the righe religion enjoining tawheed and forbidding Shirk, just as Allaah described the believing followers of Musa عليه السلام :

)وَمِنْ قَوْمِ مُوسَى أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَبِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ) (الأعراف: 159)

And of the people of Musa there is a community who lead [the men] with truth and establish justice. (i.e. judge men with truth and justice). [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-A'raaf (7 :159)].

Whoever held to these qualities amongst them (i.e. to the true revelations), prior to the advent of prophet Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم, was a believer. The believers from the people of the Book who accepted the prophet's Message of Islaam will receive a double reward:

)وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَبِالْآخِرَةِ هُمْ يُوقِنُونَ) (البقرة: 4)

And who believe in that which has been sent down [revealed] to you =#ff00ff] صلي الله عليه وسلم] 15 and in that which was sent down before you [the Torah

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15The revelation includes the Qur'aan and the authentic sunnah.

And the Gospel, etc.] and they believe with certainty in the Hereafter. [Quraan, Soorat Al- Baqarah (2:4)].

)وَإِنَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ لَمَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ خَاشِعِينَ لِلَّهِ لا يَشْتَرُونَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ ثَمَناً قَلِيلاً أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ) (آل عمران: 199)

And there are, certainly, among the people of the Scripture, those who believe in Allaah and in that which has been revealed to them, humbling themselves before Allaah. They do not sell the aayaat of Allaah for a lillte price, for them is a reward with their Rabb [Allaah]. Surely, Allaah is Swift in account.16 [Qur'aan, Soorat Aal-'Imraan (3 :199)].

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16 Ibn Taymeeyah explained that some of the sahaabah (e.g. Jaabir ibn 'Abdullah, bin 'Abbaas, and Anas ibn Maalik رضي الله عنهم as well as most of the scholars mentioned that the aayah (Qur'aan 3 : 199), was revealed concerning the faith of an-Najaashi, the king of Abasseenyah known as "as-hamah" ('Atiyyah, in Arabic), who knew that the Message of Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم was the truth confirming that of 'Eessa before him. He accepted Islaam but was unable to migrate to daarul-Islaam (where Islaam is the apparent and practiced deen), nor he was able to declare it amongst his Christian nation. After the Prophet صلي الله عليه وسلم knew of his death,

)الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ هُمْ بِهِ يُؤْمِنُونَ * وَإِذَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِهِ إِنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا مِنْ قَبْلِهِ مُسْلِمِينَ * أُولَئِكَ يُؤْتَوْنَ أَجْرَهُمْ مَرَّتَيْنِ بِمَا صَبَرُوا وَيَدْرَأُونَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ) (القصص: 52-54)

Those to whom We gave the Scripture [i.e. the Torah and the Injeel etc.] before it, - they believe in it [the Qur'aan], and when it is recited to them, they say : " We believe in it. Verily, it is the truth from our Rabb. Indeed even before it we have been from those who submit themselves to Allaah in Islaam as Muslims [like 'Abdullaah ibn Saalam and Salmaan Al-Faarisee, etc]." These will be given their reward twice over, because they are patient, and repel evil with good, and

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he called upon the sahaabah and performed the funerat prayers in absentia on an – Najaashi, thus confirming his belief in Islaam. The aayah, therefore, may apply to anyone from the people of the Book or the mushrikeen who lives in daarul-harb (a land in which the kaffaar are prevailing, or land of the kuffaar between whom and the Muslims there is no peace) and who believes in Allaah and in Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم as Allaah's final Messenger, yet unable to declare his faith openly or unable to migrate to any Muslim country. He does what he is able to do from the acts of worship and as he knows them. [See ibn Taymeeyah's Al-Jawaabus – Saheeh], pp. 202-210.

Spend [in charity] out of what we have provided for them. [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Qasas (28:52-54)].

It has been confirmed that the prophet said صلي الله عليه وسلم:

" ثلاثة يؤتون أجورهم مرتين: الرجل تكون له الأمة فيعلمها فيحسن تعليمها ، ويؤدبها فيحسن أدبها ، ثم يعتقها فيتزوجها فله أجران . ومؤمن أهل الكتاب الذي كان مؤمناً (وفي لفظ مسلم: بنبيه) ثم آمن بالنبي صلي الله عليه وسلم ـ فله أجران . والعبد الذي يؤدي حق الله وينصح لسيده (ولمسلم: وحق سيده) " رواه البخاري ومسلم .

The call for the unity of Religions 2013_110

" There persons will get their reward twice [i.e. a double reward]. [One is] a person who has a slave girl and he educates her properly and teaches her good manners properly [without violence] and then manumits and marries her. Such a person will get a double reward [Another is] a believer from the people of the Scriptures who has been a true believer [in his prophet],* and then he believes in the prophet r=#ff00ff]صلي الله عليه وسلم]. Such a person will receive a double reward. [The third is] a slave man who observes Allaah's right and is sincere to his master [and observes the rights of his master.]"17

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17 Collected by al-Bukhaari and Muslim. The text is as reported by al-Bukhaari in his saheeh, vol. 4, no. 255, p. 158. The (*) refers to some parts of the text as reported by Muslim.

The Qur'aan also mentions the case of believing monks and priests who followed the true teachings of 'Eessa and who believe in the revelation to prophet Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم and would love to be from the ummah of Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم:

(لَتَجِدَنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَدَاوَةً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقْرَبَهُمْ مَوَدَّةً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّا نَصَارَى ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنْهُمْ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهْبَاناً وَأَنَّهُمْ لا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ * وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ تَرَى أَعْيُنَهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ الدَّمْعِ مِمَّا عَرَفُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِين * وَمَا لَنَا لا نُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَا جَاءَنَا مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَنَطْمَعُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَنَا رَبُّنَا مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الصَّالِحِينَ * فَأَثَابَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِمَا قَالُوا جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَذَلِكَ جَزَاءُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ) (المائدة: 82-85)

Verily, you will find the strongest among men in enmity to the believers [Muslims] the Jews and pagans; and you will find the nearest amongst them in love to the believers those who say : " We are Nassare (Christians)." 18 That is because

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18 Those who claim to be followers of 'Eessa and the true Injeel (Gospel) should have a general love for Islaam and its people, because the teachings of 'Eessa were based upon mercy and kindness:

amongst them there are priests and monks, and they are not proud. And when they [who call themselves Christians] listen to what has been sent down to the Messenger صلي الله عليه وسلم, you see their eyes overflowing with tears because of the truth they have recognized. They say: " Our Rabb! We believe, so write us down among the witnesses r=#ff00cc]صلي الله عليه وسلم and his nation]. And why should we not believe in Allaah and in that which has come to us of the Truth [tawheed]? And we wish that our Rabb will admit us [in al-Jannah on the Day of Resurrection] along with the righteous people ad [color=#ff0099]صلي الله عليه وسلم and his companions رضي الله عنهم. So, Allaah rewarded them with Gardens under which rivers flow [in al-Jannah], they will abide therein forever, because of what they said, Such is the reward of good- doers. [Qur'aan, Soorat al-Maa'idah (5 : 82)].19

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(وَجَعَلْنَا فِي قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ رَأْفَةً وَرَحْمَةً) (الحديد: من الآية27)

And we ordained in the hearts of those who followed him compassion and Mercy. [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Hadeed (57:27)].

In fact they must submit to Allaah and his deen because the message of 'Eessa and Muhammad عليهما الصلاة والسلام in calling the people to the tawheed, are the same.

19 See Shaykh-ul-Islaam's Al-Jawaabus-Saheeh, vol. 2 pp. 201-213.

The aayaat cited above are some of the qualities of the believing Christians. In our times, any " Christian" who carries similar beliefs and lives in a remote place where he (she) is unable to know about Islaam, are, inshaa' Allaah, believers. If they know about Islaam, they must declare their acceptance of it unless it will result in their death. They are called to migrate to daarul-Islaam, and Allaah knows best.

Question: Some Muslims say : " But Allaah سبحانه وتعالى had mentioned in the Qur'aan that there are churches, synagogues, and monasteries where the Name of Allaah is mentioned. So, how can we understand this in light of the above explanations about the people of the Book"?

All praise is due to Allaah. The aayah in the Qur'aan where the above places are mentioned is:

) وَلَوْلا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبِيَعٌ وَصَلَوَاتٌ وَمَسَاجِدُ يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا اسْمُ اللَّهِ كَثِيراً وَلَيَنْصُرَنَّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَقَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ) (الحج: من الآية 40)

Had it not been that Allaah checks one set of people by means of another, monasteries, churches, synagogues, and masaajid, where in the Name of Allaah is mentioned much would assuredly have been pulled down. [Qur'aan, Sooarat Al-Hajj (22:40)].

The masaajid are the places where the Name of Allaah was and still being mentioned. When they were on their original faith, the people of the Book mentioned the Name of Allaah in their places of worship, However, because of the alterations in their religions, shirk in worship was introduced, even though some of them may mention the Name of Allaah Hence, their places of worship cannot be considered as boyoutullaah (Houses of Allaah), because they committed kufr and their places contain a wide range of blasphemous symbols (pictures, crosses, etc.).

Imaam ibnul Qayyim said:20 " Had it not been for Allaah's checking of one set of people by means of another, these places (mentioned in the aayah) which were belobed to Allaah before Islaam (i.e. in its final and comprehensive form), woukd have been pulled down. After Islaam, these places are known to Allaah, but hated Allaah, for example commanded special treatment to the people of the Book under the Islaamic Rule, including their

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20 In Badaai' At-Tafseer ( The Unprecedented of Tafseer), which is a collection of explanations of certain aayaat of the Qur'aan, collected by Yusri as-Sayed Ahmad [Dammaam, Saudi Arabia: Daar ibnul jawzi, 1414/1993]. Vol.3,p. 214.

Protection, yet He سبحانه وتعالى hates them. He commanded the defending of their places of worship, yet He hates them because other than Him is being worshipped in such places…" 21

Ibn 'Atiyyah said: " He صلي الله عليه وسلم checked them when they were on the Truth before the alterations and abrogation [i.e. of their religions]."22

In Light of The Above, all the present nations of Jews, Christians, Sabians ( if any are left, and those who worshipped Allaah based upon their

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21 Allaah willed them to exist, yet He hates the shirk practiced by them. He willed and created Iblees (the Devil) and He hates him. This is His Universal Will-iraadah al-kawniyyah. Allaah's Judicial will: al-iraadah ash-shar'iyyah is to protect their places of worship outside such places, and they conform to all of the rules regarding their interactions with Islaamic Law.

22 Quoted in Fathul-Bayaan fee Maqassidil –Qur'aan( The Eloquent Clarification to the Objectives of the Qur'aan), by Sidique Hassan al-Khanouji al- Bukhaari [Sidon,Beirut, Lebanon: ad-Daar al-'Assriyyah, 1412/1992], Vol. 9, p. 57.

Fitrah,23 must come to the Final Message from Allaah, and submit to Him alone in Islaam.

The people of the Book as they exist now, accepted other than Allaah as deities. No doubt that they are kuffaar as Allaah صلي الله عليه وسلم refers to them. When they followed Musa and 'Eessa عليهما السلام according to the unaltered Torah and the original Gospel, respectively, they were Muslims then. Does a knowledgeable Muslim believe that those who think of 'Eessa as savior, a son of God, Three in One, etc. are believers?

(لَقَدْ كَفَرَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ) (المائدة: من الآية17)

Surely, in disbelief are they who say that Allaah is the Messiah, son of Mary ! [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Maa'idah (5 :17)].

Are those who believe in Trinity believers in tawheed ? Allaah says about them:

)لَقَدْ كَفَرَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ ثَالِثُ ثَلاثَةٍ وَمَا مِنْ إِلَهٍ إِلَّا إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَنْتَهُوا عَمَّا يَقُولُونَ لَيَمَسَّنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ) (المائدة: 73)

Surly, disbelievers are those who said: " Allaah is the third of the three [in a Trinity]." But there

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23 Fitrah: natural inclination to worship Allaah alone.

Is no True God but One God [Allaah]. [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Maa'idah (5:73)].

They remain as people of the Book since a Book was revealed to their respective prophets. Whoever says he is a believer in their Books, even in their astered forms, is from the people if the Book. Any Christian or Jew who dissociates himself from his respective Book and denies it, cannot be considered as being from the people of the Book.

On the other hand, Allaah, the All-Wise and all just, legislated certain guidelines that define certain relationships between the Muslims and the people of the Book. Amongst such relations, is marriage to the 'afeefah (chaste) women of theim,24 eating their lawfully slaughtered meat, etc. Such distinctions do not make them true believers in Allaah.

Shaykh-ul-Islaam ibn Taymeeyah commented on the following aayaat:

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24 Certainly it is advised to marry the Muslim woman even if a chaste woman of the people of the Book offers herself for marriage to a Muslim. There are so many problems associated with marriage to women from the people of the Book in our times. The Muslim must be very careful about such a decision if it deems necessary.

(لَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ مُنْفَكِّينَ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْبَيِّنَةُ) (البينة: 1)

Those who disbelieve from among the people of the scripture [Jews and Christians] and al-Mushrikeen,125 were not to leave [their disbelief] until there came to them clear evidence. [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Bayyinah (98:1)].

) وَقُلْ لِلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ وَالْأُمِّيِّينَ أَأَسْلَمْتُمْ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمُوا فَقَدِ اهْتَدَوْا ) (آل عمران: من الآية: 20)

And say to those who were given the Scriptures [Jews and Christians] and to those who are illiterates [Arab pagans]: "Do you [also] submit yourselves [to Allaah in islaam] ?" If they do, they are rightly guided, [Qur'aan Soorat Aal-'Imraan (3:20)].

He said: " And other aayaat like those above address

Those who exist [i.e. from the Jews Christians, and mushrikeen]. The Scripture that is referred to is the Book in their hands in which alerations and abrogations were carried out, and does not refer to those who held to the Scriptures

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25 Mushrikeen :Those who commit shirk including pagans, polyheists, idolaters, and unbelievers in the Oneness of Allaah and in His Messenger Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم.

Before they were altered and abrogated, because they were not kuffaar then. Also, they were not [the ones being addressed] by the Qur'aan as "you people of the Book," because they died before the Qur'aan was revealed. So, all those who believe in the existing Books [altered and abrogated], are from the " People of the Book," and they are kuffaar because they hold to altered and abrogated Books, and they are, like all other kuffaar, in Hell forever,26 although Allaah, the Exalted, commanded that they pay jizyah27 and made it permissible to eat their food and marry their women."28

In Conclusion:

1. The only deen accepted to Allaah is Islaam.

2. Islaam is the last and final message to all mankind (Christians, Jews Buddhists, Hindus, etc.)

3. Islaam abrogated all religions.

26 If they die on their beliefs.

27 Head –tax imposed by Islaam on the people of the Book and other people who have a revealed book when they live under Muslim rule, Wherein they and their properties and wealth are protected.

28 Quoted in Majmoo' Al-Fataawaa, vol. 35, pp. 227-228.

4. The Qur'aan is the true word of Allaah and it abrogated all of the previously – revealed Scriptures.

5. The Torah and al-Injeel as they exist in the hands of the "People of the Book" are altered. Even if their original forms are to be found at any time, then they are still abrogated by the Qur'aan.

6. Had their Prophets been alive they would all follow and abide by the teachings of Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم. This is the Covenant which Allaah took upon all the prophets.29

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29 Allaah says (what means) : And [remember] when Allaah took the covenant of the prophets, saying : ' Take whatever I gave you from the Book and Hikmah [understanding of the Laws of Allaah], and afterwards there will come to you a Messenger [Muhammad]. Confirming what is with you; you must, then, believe in him and help him.' Allaah said : 'Do you agree [to it] and will you make up My covenant [which] conclude with you]?' They said : 'We agree.' He said : ' Then bear witness, and I am with you among the witnesses [for this]' [Qur'aan, Soorat Aal-'Imraan (3:81)]. Furthermore, in the hadeeth reported by Imaam Ahmad and others, the prophet صلي الله عليه وسلم said (what means), " If Musa were alive and present among you, it would not be permissible for him to do anything but to follow me." [Shaykh Al-Albaani stated that it is reported by Ahmad, Al-Bayhaqi, and Ad-Daarimee, Al-Laalkaa'ee, Al-Harawee and others, and that its degree of authenticity is hasan. See Mishkaatul –Masaabeeh, vol. 1, no. 177].

7. Every believer should firmly believe that the Jews and Christians are kuffaar and enemies of Allaah, His deen, the Prophet Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم, and the Believers.

8. The Kuffaar who die on kufr will dwell forever in the Hell of Fire. However we don't judge that a particular kaafir is in Hell except when their is a specification from the Qur'aan and (or) authentic sunnah.30

9. The call for "Unity of Religions," Sometimes misleadingly called a "Comity of Religions," aims at eliminating everything which distinguishes Islaam from kufr.

10. Calling and supporting the concepts of the "Unity of Religion" is considered riddah (apostasy).31

11. The above does not mean that the Muslim abandons calling the kuffaar to Islaam.

We are ordered to call them to the way of Allaah, and this is in the best of their interest and thus

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30Example Abu Taalib is in Hell, and Fir'awn is in Hell, as well as others specified in authentic texts.

31This ruling has been published as a religious verdict (fatwa) by the permanent Committee for Islamic and Educational Research in Saudi Arabia on the 25th of Muharram, 1418 (corresponding to 31-5-1997), no. 19402.

da'wah to Allaah is the best advice given to them. One of the great ways of da'wah is to deal with them justly and to call them to Allaah in the best way which is based upon good knowledge.32 This

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32 The Aayah in Soorat Al-'Ankaboot (29:46):

(وَلا تُجَادِلُوا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ وَقُولُوا آمَنَّا بِالَّذِي أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْنَا وَأُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ وَإِلَهُنَا وَإِلَهُكُمْ وَاحِدٌ وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ) (العنكبوت: 46)

(which means), " And do not argue with the people of the Scriptures (Jews and Christians), unless it be in [a way] that is better, except with such of them as do wrong, and say [to them]: "We believe in that which has been revealed to us and revealed to you; our Ilaah [God and your Ilaah [God] in One [i.e. Allaah], and it is to Him we submit [in Islaam]," calls the believers to argue with the people of the Book in a way that is better, i.e. inviting them to Allaah with His aayaat (verses, proofs, evidences, etc.) Using the clearest indicative words which proves the objective and to avoid being harsh save with such of them as do wrong. [See Tafseer ibn Jareer At- Tabaree for this aayah as well ibnul Qayyin's Madaauijus – Saalikeen (Beirut, Al-Fiqee, n.d.), vol. 1. pp. 445- 446. It is not a call for interfaith dialogue. It is a call for a common word between them and us. This word has been defined by Allaah, Most High, in the following Aayah:

(قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئاً وَلا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضاً أَرْبَاباً مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ) (آل عمران: 64)

does not mean that the Muslim compromise the basics of his deen. It also does not mean that Muslims should indulge with the kuffaar in an aimless dialogue such as: " Tell us how you pray and we will tell you how we pray," as done by some people who engage in such dialogue. The most important thing is Who diserves to be worshipped Alone?33 They worship idols, images, men, etc. We worship the true God of all creation. So we call them with the right knowledge to abandon shirk and to submit to Allaah in tawheed. The best methodology (manhaj) of da'wah is that exemplified by the prophet صلي الله عليه وسلم when he sent Mu'aath ibn Jabal رضي الله عنه to the "People of the Book" in Yemen. The first thing he صلي الله عليه وسلم commanded him to do is to call them to tawheed and belief in

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[which means] : O People of the Scripture [Jews and Christians]: Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allaah, and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allaah. Then if they turn away, say : "Bear withness that we are Muslims." Qur'aan, Soorat Aal-'Imraan (3:64)]. Certainly it is not a call for "comity" or "unity of religions."

33 Five years ago I wrote a book as well as a short treatise entitled, "Who Deserves to be Worshipped Alone?" Inshaa'Allaah it is helpful to address people from all religions.

Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم as His Messenger.34 Then he told him:

" If they obey you to do so, then inform them that Allaah has enjoined upon them five salawaat [prayers] in every day and night [ in twenty-four hours], and if they obey you and do so, then onform them that Allaah has made it obligatory for them to pay sadaqa [zakaat] from their properties and it is to be taken from the wealthy among them and given to poor among them."130

I worte about this matter several years ago when some Muslim brothers started to engage in " dialogue" with the people of the Book. I cautioned our brothers to establish that the "dialogue" should transform into a way for da'wah and not "negotiations" because we cannot negotiate on Shirk. Now with the call for "Unity of Religion," I urge all the Muslims to advise each other about the dangers of this concept and to direct their respective communities to disassociate from this path of kufr. May Allaah who is the Most High, above everything, guide the misguided

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34 Not just the so-called "recognition" given by some theologians from the people of the Book in our times!

35 The text is in Saheeh Al-Bukhaari (Arabic/English), vol. 2, no. 478. It is also reported by Muslim.

And preserve and protect our ummah from all afflictions and innovations in deen. Aameen.

12. The Muslim disassociates himself from all forms of kufr and shirk.

13. The believer distinguishes between the natural love he has for his father, mother, wife, husband, son, daughter, etc. from the unbelievers and enmity towards them because of their kufr. The natural love is something recognized by Islaam, Otherwise Allaah would not have permitted marriage from chaste women of the people of the Book. This natural love of the kinsfolk and the just and good treatment of the thimmi,36 no-harbi,37 mu'aahad,38 and the musta'min,39 does not necessitate that we love them the love which obliges friendship and alliance. This kind of love is forbidden by Allaah because they oppose Allaah and his deen. The believer satnds in a state of

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36Thimmi : A non- Muslim living in a Muslim country and upon whom th jizyah applies. Those non – Muslims are under the protection of the Muslims.

37The non-combatants from the unbelievers.

38An unbeliever between whom and the Muslims a term of peace has been made for a definite time.

39The unbeliever who is permitted into the Muslim land by the approval of the Muslim governor, e.g. visiting, business, etc.

walaa' (alliance and loyality) and baraa' (disassociation): alliance with the Believers who are obedient to Allaah and His Messenger, and enmity and disassociation from the unbelievers and those opposing Allaah and His Messenger صلي الله عليه وسلم. Allaah سبحانه وتعالى says:

(لا تَجِدُ قَوْماً يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَانَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ أُولَئِكَ كَتَبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْأِيمَانَ وَأَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ وَيُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ أُولَئِكَ حِزْبُ اللَّهِ أَلا إِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ) (المجادلة: 22)

You will not find a people who believe in Allaah and the Last Day, loving [by having friendship and alliance] with those who oppose Allaah and His Messenger r=#ff00cc]صلي الله عليه وسلم], even though they were their fathers, or their sons, or their brothers, or their kinsfolk, For such He has decreed true Faith in their hearts, and strengthened them with Raah [proofs, light and true guidance] from Himself. And we will admit them into the gardens of [al-Jannah] beneath whose trees rivers flow, and they will dwell

therein forever. Allaah is pleased with them and they with him. They are the party of Allaah. Indeed the party of Allaah are th successful. [Qur'aan, Sorrat Al-Mujaadalah (58:22)].

This strengthening mentioned in the aayah applies to everyone who does not love the enemies of the Messengers, even though they may be one's close relatives. This love is not the same as the natural (jibilli) love, but it is the love of nusrah which entails giving allegiance to them. Dealing justly with the non-combatant from the unbelievers is commanded by Allaah. Hence:

(a) The natural love is created by Allaah. He permitted it to occur.

(b) The enmity towards the unbelievers because of their disbelief and rejection of Allaah is legislated by Allaah.

(c) Dealing justly with the non-combatants from the unbelievers is commanded by Allaah.

Since the three matters are all from Allaah and since He سبحانه وتعالى says:

(لا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا) (البقرة من الآية: 286)

Allaah burdens not a person beyond his scope,

[Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Baqarah (2: 286)].

then all three matters are within the scope of the believer and they are just and not contradictory:

(وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِنْدِ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ لَوَجَدُوا فِيهِ اخْتِلافاً كَثِيراً) (النساء من الآية: 82)

Had it been from other than Allaah, they would surely have found therein much contradiction. [Qur'aan, Soorat An-Nisaa' (4 :82)].

This is path of the prophets. Contemplate about prophet Nooh عليه السلام and His son when the Just decree of Allaah (the Deluge)40 came upon the kuffaar from the people of Nooh:

(وَنَادَى نُوحٌ ابْنَهُ وَكَانَ فِي مَعْزِلٍ يَا بُنَيَّ ارْكَبْ مَعَنَا وَلا تَكُنْ مَعَ الْكَافِرِينَ) (هود: من الآية: 42)

And Nooh [Noah] called out to his son, who had separated himself [apart], ' O my son! Embark with us and be not with the unbelievers.' [Qur'aan, Soorat Hood (11 :42)].

His son chose the way of the unbelievers and though that he will be saved from the water if he takes himself to a mountain. Nooh عليه السلام invoked Allaah:

ــــــــــــــــــــــــ

40 The great flood in the time of Nooh عليه السلام.

(وَنَادَى نُوحٌ رَبَّهُ فَقَالَ رَبِّ إِنَّ ابْنِي مِنْ أَهْلِي وَإِنَّ وَعْدَكَ الْحَقُّ وَأَنْتَ أَحْكَمُ الْحَاكِمِينَ) (هود: 45)

And Nooh [Noah] called upon his Rabb [Allaah] an said, ' O my Rabb ! Verily my son is of my family! And certainly, Your promise is true, and you are the Most just of Judges.' [Qur'aan, Soorat Hood (11:45)].

"Verily my son is of my family!" This is the natural relationship, the jibilli one. Allaah, Most High, reminded Nooh of His command of Legal disassociation (al-baraa' ash-shar't) from the kuffaar.

(قَالَ يَا نُوحُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ إِنَّهُ عَمَلٌ غَيْرُ صَالِحٍ فَلا تَسْأَلْنِ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ إِنِّي أَعِظُكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ) (هود: 46)

Allaah said: " O Nooh ! Surly, he is not of your family' [not from the believers of your family], verily, his work is unrighteous, so ask not of Me that of which you have no knowledge ! I admonish you, lest you be one of the ignorants." [Qur'aan, Soorat Hood (11: 46)].

The immediate submission of Nooh was clear in his saying:

(قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ مَا لَيْسَ لِي بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَإِلَّا تَغْفِرْ لِي وَتَرْحَمْنِي أَكُنْ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ) (هود: 47)

Nooh said: " O my Rabb! I seek refuge with you from asking You that which I have no knowledge. And unless you forgive me and have Mercy on me, I would indeed be one of the losers." [Qur'aan, Soorat Hood (11:47)].

There was a clear distinction between the jibilli and shar'! perspectives in the relationship between Nooh and his son. Contemplate also the relationship with parents:

(وَوَصَّيْنَا الْأِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْناً عَلَى وَهْنٍ وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ * وَإِنْ جَاهَدَاكَ عَلَى أَنْ تُشْرِكَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلا تُطِعْهُمَا وَصَاحِبْهُمَا فِي الدُّنْيَا مَعْرُوفاً وَاتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ مَنْ أَنَابَ إِلَيَّ ثُمَّ إِلَيَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ) (لقمان: 14-15)

And We have enjoined on man [to be dutiful and good] to his parents. His mother bore him in weakness and hardship, and his weaning is in two years give thanks to Me and to your parents unto Me is the final destination. But if they [both] strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not, yet deal with

Them justly and kindly in this life. [Qur'aan, Soorat Luqmaan (31:14& 15).

Friendship and alliance and pleasing those who oppose Allaah is an indication of either lack of faith or its weakness in the heart of the beliver. It is against reason that a person can have walaa' for someone who is an enemy of the one he truly loves. You find those who have walaa' for the unbelievers doing things which will earn the love and friendship of the unbelievers by any means. Those who know the truth regarding this matter must remind them of the command of Allaah that :

(يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَتَّخِذُوا آبَاءَكُمْ وَإِخْوَانَكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ إِنِ اسْتَحَبُّوا الْكُفْرَ عَلَى الْأِيمَانِ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ) (التوبة: 23)

O you who believe do not take as friends and protectors your fathers and your brothers if they choose unbelief to belief, and whoever of you takes them as friends and protectors is one of the transgressors. [Qur'aan, Soorat At- Tawbah (9:23)].

He, the Mighty and Majestic, set for us the example of prophet Ibraaheem عليه السلام by saying:

(قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ فِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ إِذْ قَالُوا لِقَوْمِهِمْ إِنَّا بُرَآءُ مِنْكُمْ وَمِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ كَفَرْنَا بِكُمْ وَبَدَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَاوَةُ وَالْبَغْضَاءُ أَبَداً حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ إِلَّا قَوْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ وَمَا أَمْلِكُ لَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ رَبَّنَا عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ) (الممتحنة: 4)

There has been for you an example for you to follow in Ibraabeem and those with him, whin they said to their unbelieving people : 'We are free of you and whatever idols you worship besides Allaah, and we deny what you are upon and we reject you; and because of your disbelief in Allaah and your worship of others besides Him, enmity and hatred has arisen between us for ever, unless you believe truly in Allaah, and single Him out, and worship Him alone.' [Qur'aan, Soorat Al- Mumtahinah (60:4)].

The efforts to gain the friendship of the jews and Christians are useless, as they will never be pleased with the Muslims until the Muslims follow their religion. Addressing prophet Muhammad, the Imaam of the Muslims, Allaah, the Exalted, warned him that:

(وَلَنْ تَرْضَى عَنْكَ الْيَهُودُ وَلا النَّصَارَى حَتَّى تَتَّبِعَ مِلَّتَهُم) (البقرة: من الآية: 120)

Never will the jews nor the Christians be pleased with you lor=#ff00ff]صلي الله عليه وسلم till you follow their religion. [Qur'aan, Soorat Al-Baqarah (2:120)].

Hence, the command to abstain from following the paths of the Jews and Christians applies to the entire Ummah of Muhammad صلي الله عليه وسلم:

(إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَذِكْرَى لِمَنْ كَانَ لَهُ قَلْبٌ أَوْ أَلْقَى السَّمْعَ وَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ) (قّ:37)

Verily, therein is indeed a reminder for him who has a heart or gives ear while he is heedful.

[Qur'aan, Soorat Qaaf (50:37)].

تمت بحمد الله

All praise is dut to Allaah, and may the salaah and salaam of Allaah be upon Muhammad, his family, his companions, and those who follow on their path in righteousness until the Day of Resurrection.

Seeking forgiveness from Allaah,

Saleh As- Saleh.

» The Value of Unity
» THE UNITY, SINCERITY, ONENESS OF GOD, CHAPTER NO. 112
» The merits of Islam There are many religions
» The Tolerance of the Prophet towards Other Religions
» The Call to Islam

IZHAR UL-HAQ

إجازة الأستاذ أحمد لبن مدير المنتدى بقراءة الإمام عاصم الكوفي

The call for the unity of Religions