ـــــــــــ S

S

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Sabian            صابىء
Sacerdotal              كهنوتى
Sacred            مقدس -  دينى
Sacredness            قداسة -  حرمة
Sacrifice             ضحية -  ذبيحة -  قربان
Sadness               حزن   - غم
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afa and Marwa             الصفا والمروه
Two small hills in Makkah, in Al-Haram as-Shareef (The Grand Masjid) to the east. It is an essential part of an Umra and the Hajj to walk seven times between the two places, quickening one's step briefly between two points between them. This is called Sa'i. See Holy Qur'an, Al-Baqara (2):
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Safety               امن -   سلامة
Sage             حيم  -  عاقل
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Sahih                          صحيح
Healthy and sound with no defects. Authentic, as regards Ahadeeth, such as Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim.
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Sahih Bukhari             صحيح البخارى
A book of authentic Ahadeeth compiled by Imam Bukhari.
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Sahih Muslim               صحيح مسلم
A book of authentic Ahadeeth compiled by Imam Muslim.
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Sahu                     سهو
Literally means forgetting. If one adds to or subtracts from what is required during the Salat (Prayer), out of forgetfulness or lack of attention, then one must perform two extra prostrations at the end of the Salat. This is called Sajda Sahu.
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Saint              قديس -   ولى
Sake            قصد   -  سبيل  -   غاية
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Sakina   Calm      السكينه
Calm, peaceful tranquillity, perfect calmness, serenity, due to the Presence of Allah being made clear and apparent. See Holy Qur'an, At-Taubah (9):26, 40, Al-Fath (48):4, 18, 26.
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Salaf   Forebears       السلف
Forebears, predecessors, ancestors.
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Al Salaf al Saalih        السلف الصالح
the righteous forebears - refers to the early generations of Muslims including the Sahaabah and the Taabi`oon.
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Salafi            سلفي
Literally, "the early years". Salafi is used generally to describe the early generations of the Muslims, particularly the companions of the Messenger of Allah and those who followed them, may the blessings and peace of Allah be on him and them. In the present age the term is sometimes used to describe a Muslim who closely follows the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet Muhammad and As-Salafiyeen as-Saliheen, the righteous companions of Muhammad.
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Salat                 الصــــــــلاه
•    Prayers. There are five daily obligatory prayers in Islam,consisting of fixed sets of standings, bowings, prostrations and sittings in worship to Allah. These are called Rak 'at.
The number of Rak'at in each prayer and their timings are:
1.    Fajr - dawn - two Rak'at.
2.    Duhr - noon - four Rak'at.
3.    'Asr - afternoon - four Rak' at.
4.    Maghreb - sunset - three Rak'at.
5.    Isha - late evening - four Rak'at.
These five Salat are one of the Arkan of islam. See Arkan.It is necessary to be in Ghusl and in Wudu when doing the Salat. For voluntary Salat: See NafiIah.
•    One of the eight gates of Jannah (Paradise). See Jannah.
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Salatud_duha                 صلاة الضحى
A Nafl Salat that is prayed after sunrise and before noon.
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Salatul Janaza     Funeral prayer      صلاة الجنازه
Funeral prayer. It is permitted to do Salatul Janaza only over the dead bodies of Muslims.
This prayer is done in the standing position only, and usually immediately before the burial. It contains four Takbirs:
1.    After the first Takbir - read Suratul Fatiha.
2.    After the second Takbir - recite any Dua'a for the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,but it is preferred to do the Tashahhud (see Tashahhud)and the Salat aI-Ibrahimiya: "AIlahumma salle 'ala Muhammad wa 'ala alec Muhammad kama salaira Ibrahim wa 'ala alee Ibrahim; fill 'alameen innaka hameedun majeed. Allahumma barak 'ala Muhammad wa 'ala alee Muhammad kama barak ta ibrahim wa 'ala alec Ibrahim; fill 'alameen innaka hamidun majeed." ("O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. In all the worlds surely You are Praiseworthy,Glorious. O Allah, give Muhammad blessing and the family of Muhammad, as You gave Ibrahim blessing and the family of Ibrahim. In all the worlds surely You are Praiseworthy, Glorious.")
3.    After the third Takbir - pray for the deceased person, his or her relatives and the Muslim people in general.
4.    After the fourth Takbir - this marks the end of the Salat.Face your right shoulder and say "Assalamu 'alaikum wa rahmarullah" ( "Peace be on you and the Mercy of Allah").
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Salatul Shuruq                      صلاة الشروق
A Nafl Salat of two or four Rak'at that is prayed a short while after sunrise.
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Salatul Tasbih                      صلاة التسابيح
A special Nafl Salat of four Rak'at. This Salat involves praising Allah Ta'ala by including "Subhanallah, wal hamdulilah, wa la il laha illallah, wallahu akbar" ("Glory to Allah, and Praise to Allah, and there is no god except Allah and Allah is Greatest") seventy-five times in each Rak'a.
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salat ul-Jum'ah:                      صلاة الجمعه
Although most Muslims pray on their own wherever they happen to be at the time, there is an opportunity on Fridays to come together as a community to pray together. Traditionally, the midday prayer on Friday is said at the mosque, where the imam or a guest will read passages from the Qur'an and may give a lesson – much as Muhammad may have done thousands of years ago. The congregation is arranged in lines (women and men have separate areas for prayer), and the synchronisation of movement and chanting by hundreds of Muslims is a powerful sight. Although attendance is obligatory for men (although not for women), a man who is sick is excused.
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Saleh, peace be upon him        صالح عليه السلام
A prophet of Islam. He was sent to the people of Thamud who lived in the north-western part of the Arabian Peninsula. They were destroyed for rejecting him. The remains of their stone dwellings still exist today. See Holy Qur'an, AI-'Araf(7):73-79, At-Tawbah (11):61 -68, Ash-Shu'ara (26):141 -159,An-Naml (27):45-53.
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Salih                         صالح
Righteous and goodly person, someone who is in the right place at the right time. It may also mean healthy and sound in body and soul.
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Salsabil  A fountain in Jannah           سلسبيل
A fountain in Jannah. Literally means "seek the way". See Holy Qur'an, Al-insan (76)18.
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Salutation            سلام   -   تحية
Salavation                 خلاص -   نجاة
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Samad (As)                    الصمد
Does not have an exact meaning in English. The closest word or words that indicate the meaning are:
1.    "Absolute" and "Eternal" and "Everlasting".
2.    The One to Whom all created beings turn to for all their needs, and Who is not dependent on anything or anyone for any need.
3.    The Most Perfect in His Attributes.One of the ninety-nine Attributes of Allah Ta'ala. For a complete list.
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Sanctification            تقديس   -  تطهير
Sanctimonious             زنديق  -    منافق
Sanctity             بر  -  قداسة  -  طهارة
Sanctuary                     معبد
Sapience             دراية  -  فطنة
Sapient             حكيم
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Saqifah A shelter with a roof        السقيفه
A shelter with a roof. The companions of the Prophet met in a Saqifah in Madinah to pledge their loyalty to Abu Bakr after the death of the Prophet.
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Samad (as)                          الصمد
One of the ninety-nine Attributes of Allah. It means Absolute, Eternal, and Everlasting. It refers to the One to Whom all created beings turn to for all their needs, and Who is not dependent on anything or anyone for any need. The Most Perfect in His Attributes.
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Sariya A small army           سريه
A small army sent by the prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for a Jihad in which he did not personally take part.
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Satan             الشيطان
Savage              همجى -  بربرى
Savagery           همجية  -  بربرية
Saviour             مخلص  -  منقذ
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Sawm      Fasting             الصـــــوم
Fasting (sawm in Arabic) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. All healthy and sane Moslems are expected to fast (to abstain from food, drink, smoking and other bodily pleasures) during the daylight hours throughout the entire month of Ramadan. This means that they rise before dawn to eat breakfast and then eat a large meal after dusk. While they fast during the day, Moslems are expected to reflect on themselves and their standing before Allah, and ask for forgiveness for their sins. The evening meal, by contrast, is often a time of enjoyment and the gathering of friends and relatives.
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Sceptic               مرتاب  -   ملحد
Scepter               صولجان
Schism            انشقاق  -   شقاق
Scowl              عبس -   تجهم
Screech                    صيحة
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Scribes of the revelation     ‏    كتاب الوحي‏
Scribes of the revelation: Scribes of the revelation were those who shouldered the task of writing down the revelation.
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Scruple               شك  -  ريبة
Sculptor         صانع التماثيل
Secular                  علمانى
Seclusion             فصل  -   عزل
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The Seat of Allah       Al-kursi             الكرسي
The Seat of Allah, al-Hayyu al-Qayoum. The size of His Seat extends over all the heavens and earth. Even though it is such a huge creation, it is still much smaller than the 'Arsh (the Throne) of Allah Ta'ala. Surah 2:255 is called Ayatul Kursi. See Surah al-Baqara (2):255. See also 'Arsh.
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Seconder         معين  -  ظهير
Sect               طائفة  -   مذهب
Sedan                هودج
Sedateness                 هدوء    سكينة
Sedition            عصيان
Seditious             متمرد
Seductive                   مضلل  -   مخادع
Self                  ذات
Self-denial                   انكار الذات
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The Seljuk State                        دولة السلاجقة
The Seljuk State: These were the descendants of Turkman whose grandfather was Seljuk. They had so many offsprings who ruled Iran, Asia Minor, Iraq and Syria from the 11th to the 13th centuries A.D. They put an end to the Buyids and were finally brought to an end by Genghis Khan and his successors.
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Seniority               أقدمية  -  أسبقية
Sensual                    شهوانى
Sensuality                    شهوانية
Serenity             رزانة -  هدوء
Serdom                          عبودية
Settler                              مستوطن
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Shafaa'a      Intercession    الشفاعه
Intercession. On the Day of Judgement Allah Ta'ala, through His Grace and Mercy, will permit the Prophet Muhammad may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to intercede on behalf of the Muslim Ummah.
Three other groups may also be given leave to intercede:
1.    The Anbiyaa - the prophets.
2.    The Ulamaa - the people of knowledge from amongst the Muslims.
3.    The Shuhadaa - the martyrs who died in the cause of Allah Ta'ala.
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Shahada             witness       شهـــــاده
•    To witness, in this world. See Shahadatain.
•    To bear witness, on the Day of Judgement.
There will be four witnesses on Yaum al-Hisab (the Day of Reckoning):
1.    The Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Muslim Ummah against all the other Ummahs (communities and nations).
2.    The earth and the day and the night will be given the power to speak and bear witness.
3.    Everyone's limbs will bear witness for or against theirowners.
4.    One's deeds.
Singular of Shahadatain.
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Shahawat         Desires     شهـــوات   Desires and passions.
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Shahid      شهـــــــيد       It means a witness or martyr.
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Shaikh                  الشيخ
[Other Commonly Used Spellings: SHEIKH]
The word Shaikh is a title or a nickname for an elderly person or a religious leader in a community. This title is also given to a wise person. The meaning of the word Shaikh has been distorted, misused, and abused by some mass media to reflect the wrong meanings.
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Shirk                   الشرك
Opposite of Tawheed. To associate anyone or anything with Allah Subhana wa Ta'ala. Shirk is idol-worship. Idol-worship means attributing form to Allah, encasing Him in an object, a concept, a ritual or a myth - when Allah has no form, is not like anything and cannot be conceived of or perceived. Allah the Most Merciful is prepared to forgive any sin a man or Jinn may commit, except for dying in a state of Shirk.
There are three types of Shirk:
1.    Shirk al-Akbar (major Shirk). This is divided into four categories:
o    Shirk ad-Du'a: invoking or supplicating to a false deity besides Allah Ta'ala, i.e. invocation or supplication by either invoking other than Allah or invoking Him through a created being or thing, such as a prophet, an angel, a saint, or even a bank manager.
o    Shirk al-Niyyah wa Iraada wal Qasd: having the intention and determination to deliberately do any type of act of worship to a deity other than Allah Ta'ala.
o    Shirk at-Ta'a: obeying any created being against the command of Allah Ta'ala. Beware of such Shirk! It is very easy to commit.
o    Shirk al-Muhabbah: loving a created being or an object more than Allah Ta'ala.
2.    Shirk aI-Asghar (minor Shirk):
o    Shirk ar-Rea':carrying out a religious act for worldly gains and not for the pleasure of Allah, e.g. giving Zakat for the sake of fame or praise.
o    Shirk at-Tasmee': swearing by other than Allah, and accordingly relying on other than Allah, or attaching more importance to other than Allah.
3.    Shirk aI-Khafy (hidden Shirk):
heing dissatisfied with what Allah has ordained for a panicular person. Hidden Shirk is to inwardly worship anything or anyone other than Allah, or to inwardly associate something or someone as a partner with Him, especially one's self.
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Shaitan           Satan    شيطــــــان
Satan. An evil Jinn who prompts mankind and Jinn to rebel against Allah. We seek refuge in Allah from the evil that He has created . Plural: Shayateen. See Iblis. See Holy Qur'an, An-Nisaa (4):117-120.
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Shari'a            الشريعـــــــه
Islamic law as ordained by Allah Ta'ala. Literally it means 'a road'. The Shari'a is the legal and social modality of a people based on the revelation of their prophet. The last Shari'a in history is that of Islam. It abrogates all previous Shari'as. It is being the last, therefore the easiest to follow, for it is applicable to the whole human race wherever they are.
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Shu'aib, peace be upon him                شعيب عليه السلام
A prophet of Islam. He was sent to the people of Madyan (Midian), but they rejected him, so Allah Ta'ala destroyed them with an earthquake. See Mursaleen. See Holy Qur'an,Al-A'raf(7):85-93, Houd (11):84-95.
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Shuhadaa                                   الـشهــداء
Persons who die Fee Sabeeli'IIah (in the path of Allah).
Allah has designated eight things for the Shuhadaa alone:
1.    They are the first to be forgiven.
2.    They are the first to see their place in Jannah (Paradise)
3.    They are exempted from 'Adhabul-Qabr (trials and tribulations in the grave).
4.    They will be exempted from fear on the Day of Resurrection.
5.    They will be crowned with the "Taj al-Waqar" (literally means "the crown of respect") on that Day.
6.    They will each be married to seventy-two "Houri'een"(see Hooriah).
7.    They will each be given permission to intercede on behalf of seventy-two of their relatives.
8.    The sweetness of Iman will physically glow from within them.
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Shelter                      مأوى
Shivering                 رجفة
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Shura (Ash)  The Consultation      الشورى
"The Consultation". Surah 42 of the Holy Qur'an.
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Sidrat al_Muntaha                       سدرة المنتهي
"The lote-tree of the furthest limit." A tree over the Seventh Heaven near Paradise, the place where form ends and beyond which no created being may pass. See Holy Qur'an, An-Najm (53):14-18.
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Sincerity             إخلاص
Sinful              اثيم
Sinless              بار
Sins                               ذنوب
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Siraat (As)       الصـــــراط
Literally means "road". It is the bridge over the Nar (Hellfire) which must be crossed to enter the Garden on the Day of Judgement. It is described in Ahadeeth as being narrower than the blade of a sword, thinner than a hair and as having hooks over it to snatch wrongdoers and throw them into Jahanam.Some will cross the Siraat into the Garden like lightning or like the wind, some with ease, some with difficulty, some with great difficulty and some will fall into the waiting Fire below. See Holy Qur' an, Mariam (19):71.
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Sirah (As)          السيره
[Other Commonly Used Spellings: SEERAH] The writings of the companions of the Prophet (s.a.w.) about him, his personality, his life story. and his ways of handling different situations is called Sirah. The famous collections of the Sirah are At-Tabari, Ibn Ishaq, and Ibn Hisham. The Sirah is a source of reference that Muslims rely on in their daily life situations and problems.
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Siwak                     سواك
A piece of branch or root of a tree called al-Arak used as a toothbrush.
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slander                Buhtan          بهتان
A false accusation, calumny, slander.
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Slaughter               ذبح    -  نحر
Slave                 عبد   -   رق
Slaver             نخاس
Slavery           عبودية  -  رق
Slave-trade          تجارة الرقيق
Slyness            دهاء  -  مكر
Sociability          حسن المعاشرة
Social                اجتماعى -   عمرانى
Society                مجتمع
Sodomite           لوطى
Soldier            جندى
Solemn              مهيب  -  وقور
Solemnity             مهابة  -  خشوع
Solidarity                       التضامن
Soliloquy                     النجوى  -  مناجاة النفس
Slogan                          شعار
Solomon           سليمان عليه السلام
Solven            مقتدر
Sonship          بنوة
Soothsayer           منجم   - عراف
Sorcerer              ساحر -   عراف
Sorceress             ساحرة -  عرافة
Sorcery            سحر
Sordid              بخيل
Sorrow            حزن -  الم
Sorcery                  السحر الأسود
Sot           سكير
Souls                            ارواح
Sovereignty                سيادة
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The specific reason       Asbab An-Nazul      أسباب النزول
The specific reason and circumstances for the revelation of various verses of the Holy Qur'an. For example: Surat at- Taubah, Ayat 79-80 (the story of Abu 'Aqeel). In 9AH the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked for contributions to finance his Tabuk expedition. Being very poor, but still yearning to contribute, Abu 'Aqeel decided to offer his services, which lasted from dusk till dawn. He received only two handfuls of barley in payment. He took the entire payment and presented it to Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. A group of Munafiqeen (hypocrites) saw this and started to deride Abu 'Aqeel by saying, "Look at Abu 'Aqeel, does he think that Allah is in need of such a pathetic donation?" Allah Ta'ala became so angry with them that He immediately sent down the Holy Spirit Jibreel (The Angel Gabriel), peace be on him, to reveal Surah 9: 79-80 to Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
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Spell                   رقية
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Spendthrift    Bukhl           بخل
Spendthrift. Allah Ta'ala has forbidden mankind to be either misers or over-generous to a fault. See Holy Qur'an, Suwar: Al-Isra (17):26-29, Al-Furqan (25):67.
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(The) spider   'Ankaboot (Al)       العنكـبــوت
"The spider" The spider who made its web over the Ghar Thaur (Cave of Thaur) where the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, hid from the Quraish on his way to Madinah. Surah 29 of the Holy Qur' an.
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Spiritualism                      روحانية
Spleen                                  الحقد
Splendid                  بهى -   فاخر
Splendour               بهاء  -  رونق
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The Spoils of War    Anfaal (Al)        الأنفـــال
"The Spoils of War". Surah 8 of the Holy Qur'an.
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Spoliation                 نهب  -  سلب  -  اغتصاب
Spontaneously                اختياراً   - طوعاً
Squad                  فرقة  -  شرذمة
Stateliness                ابهة  -   فخامة
Statuary             صانع التماثيل
Status                     مكانة
Statute                        سنة -   قانون
Steadfast                 ثابت   -  راسخ
Steady                 ثابت  -   مثابر
Stickler                مكابر   -  معاند
Stinginess               بخل  -  شح
Stingy                  بخيل -  شحيح
Stoop                انحناء
Straightness                 اعتدال  -   استقامة
Strait                 مضيق     -      بوغاز
Strayed                              ضل
Stress                  اهمية -   خطورة
Stricken                              منكوب
Stubborn                             عنيد
Suavity               دماثة - رقة  -   طلاوة
Subdue               يخضع

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Subhan Allah     Glory be to Allah     سبحان الله
Glory be to Allah. Far removed is He from anything imperfect associated with Him and far removed is He from anything unsuitable ascribed to Him!
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Subhanahu wa Ta'ala                     سبحانه وتعالي
"May He be Glorified and Exalted." One of the many ways of glorifying Allah the Almighty. It means "Glory be to Allah on High. Far removed is He from any imperfection". The shortened form of this glorification is "Allah Ta'ala".
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Subjection                 اخضاع  -  خضوع -  اذعان
Subjectivity                       ذاتية
Subjugate               قهر  -  استعبد
Sublimity                    سمو -  رفعة  -  جلال
Suborder              قبيلة  -  طائفة
Subordinates                      التابعون
Subsequence                  تبعية
Success                 نجاح  -   فلاح
Successor                             خليفة
Sufferance               معاناة
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Sulaiman, peace be uon him    سليمان عليه السلام
Solomon. A prophet of Islam and a wise king. He was the son of the Prophet (and King) Dawood (David), peace be on both of them. He ruled the north-western Arabian Peninsula for about forty years. Allah Ta'ala gifted him with many powers,which included having power over the winds, being able to converse with the birds and ants and other animals, and having power over the evil Jinn. See Holy Qur'an, Al-Anbiya (21): 79-82, An-Naml (27):15-44, Saba (34):12-14, Saad (38):30-40.See Mursaleen.
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Sunnah  traditions  السُّنَّة
All the traditions and practices of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that are recorded not only in such books as Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, but also in living people to whom these traditions and practices have been transmitted, from person to person, from then until now.Although the Sunnah has come to refer almost exclusively to the practice of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, it also comprises the customs of the first generation of Muslims in Madina. They learned their Islam directly from the Prophet, not from books, and transmitted what they had learned to the next generation. Thus they have become models whom all Muslims should follow. The Sunnah is a complete behaviourial science that has been systematically kept outside the learning framework of this society. It cannot be learned from books, although books can be helpful. It can only be learned from real Muslims who are true teachers. Plural: Sunnan.
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Surah                   ســـــــورة
A chapter of the Holy Qur'an. Literally means "a form". There are 114 Suwar in the Holy Qur'an. Plural: Suwar.
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Superstition               خرافة

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Supplication        تضرع  -  توسل
Supplication: Invoking Allah for whatever one desires.

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Support             معونة
Surrender           تسليم -   استسلام
Sustenance                  الرزق
Suzerainty          سيادة
Sway               سلطة -  نفوذ
Swear             اقسم  -   حلف
Swearing        يمين  -  قسم
Sword             سيف  -  حسام
Sowrdman        سياف
Sylph                 حورية
Symmetry                 تناسق
Synagogue         مجمع اليهود