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GLOSSARY OF ISLAMIC TERMS
English- Arabic
الراشــــــد
معجم  المصطلحات الإسلامية
إنجليزى – عربى
Anwer Mahmoud Zanaty
أنـور محمود زناتي

غفر الله له ولوالديه وللمسلمين

مقدمة
اذا كان هذا هو الإسلام اذن فنحن جميعاً مسلمون!!
جوته
(الديوان الشرقي للمؤلف الغربي)
منذ قرون عدة رسم الغرب صورة ذهنية معنوية سيئة عن العرب، والإسلام وجعلها محكومة بنمطية ثابتة، ولا يقبل تعديلها ولكن فى ظل الأحداث الجارية بدأ ينصب الاهتمام حول علاقة الشرق بالغرب، أو بعبارة أدق: علاقة الغرب بالاسلام، وأصبح الجميع فى الغرب يهرولون لدراسة المزيد عن الاسلام والمسلمين سواء فى الدين أو الفكر أو الشريعة... الخ.
وهذا فرض علينا نحن أهل الشرق والإسلام أن نوضح لهم الصورة النقية الصافية لهذا الدين العالمى، وضرورة إبراز دعوة الإسلام إلى السلم لا التسليم، ورفضه كل أشكال الإرهاب (الغربية قبل الشرقية)، واستعداده للدخول في أي مسعى يهدف إلى مكافحة الظلم، شريطة أن تضطلع به أيد نظيفة غير ملوثة بممارسة الظلم والقهر والعدوان والتطهير العرقي والنفى من الأوطان!!
وسوف نبرز آراء بعض من مفكرى الغرب فى الإسلام
* (لمزيد من التفاصيل أنظر أنور محمود زناتى: زيارة جديدة للاستشراق، ط1، مكتبة الأنجلو المصرية 2006).

قال المسيو واميري المجري:
"إني أعتقد في الحقيقة أن روح نظام المسلمين دين الإسلام, وهو الذي أحياهم, والذي يتكفل لهم بالسلامة, إنما هو الإسلام فقط".
 
وقال المسيو بيرك في البرلمان الانجليزي:
"إن دين الإسلام, هو أحكم وأعقل وأرحم تشريع عرفه التاريخ البشري".
 
وقال شارل ميزميز الفرنسي المعروف:
"لو وجد دين الاسلام المبلغين المقتدرين, الذين يقدرون المذاكرة والتفاهم مع علماء النصارى في هذه الأزمنة التي تنتشر فيها مذاهب الضلالة المتفرقة, لأسلم الناس في أوربا".
 
وقال المستر "إدوارد ورمي" الأمريكي:
"ألم يأن لنا أن نعترف -نحن الذين نعد أنفسنا في أعلى قمة التهذيب- بأنه لولا التهذيب الاسلامي, ومدنية المسلمين وعلومهم وعظمتهم, وحُسن نظام جامعاتهم, لكانت أوربا اليوم تهيم في ظلام ليل بهيم ألا يمكن أن يُقال حقاً: إن أوربا المسيحية بذلت كل ما بوسعها منذ قرون لتخفي شُكرها للعرب المسلمين! دع أوربا تعترف بخطئها, دعها تعلن للعالم أجمع عن غباوتها الغريزية أنها ولا شك ستضطر يوماً للاعتراف بالدين الأبدي المدينة به وهو الإسلام".

أنور زناتى
القاهرة 2006م
جامعة عين شمس

A
'Abasa    "He frowned"       عبس
. The blind man that is referred to in this surah is Abdullah ibn Umm Maktoum. Surah 80 of the Holy Qur'an.
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The Abbasid Caliphs (132-656 A.H./750-1259 A.D.) الخلفاء العباسيون
They assumed the Caliphate following the Umayyads. They trace their lineage to Al-`Abbas, the Prophet's uncle. After half a century of secret arrangements, the Abbasid Revolution began in Khurasan under the leadership of Abu Muslim Al-Khurasani, 130 A.H./748 A.D. During their rule the Muslim empire reached its zenith in all aspects of life. Their first Caliph was Abu Al-`Abbas Al-Saffah. He was followed by Abu Ja`far Al-Mansur who ended the revolutionary period, reaffirmed their rule and established Baghdad, the capital, which witnessed a scientific, cultural and literary renaissance that stretched throughout the Middle Centuries. Unfortunately, the state eventually began to decline and suffer from weakness and decentralization. Many petty states emerged such as the Tulunids, the Ikhshidids and the Fatimids. The Mongols destroyed the Abbasid Caliphate and Al-Musta`sim, the last caliph, was killed by Hulegu.
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Abbey                                     الرهبانية
 Abbot                                الراهب
Abdication                           التنحى عن العرش
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 ‘Abdul Muttalib  عبد المطلب
‘Abdul Muttalib was the nickname of the grandfather of Muhammad S.
Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf, the great-grandfather of Muhammad S was the chief of Makkah and also a caretaker of the Ka’bah. Through his trading caravans, he had brought prosperity to Makkah. He had made Makkah the trading capital of Arabia. During one of his business trips, caravan of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf stopped at Yathrib (Madinah). There, he married Salma bint ‘Amr of the local Najjar tribe. A few days after his marriage, Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf continued on his business trip. During that journey, he fell sick and died of his illness. His fellow travelers buried him in Ghaza. A few months after the death of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf, his widow Salma gave birth to his son. That boy was named ‘Amr bin Hashim, but everyone called him Shaybah (Old man) because he had a bunch of white hair at birth. Back in Makkah, Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf, a younger brother of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf assumed the responsibilities of the offices of the Ka'bah after him. By chance, Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf found out that his nephew, son of his elder brother Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf, was growing up in Yathrib (Madinah) with his mother and maternal uncles. Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf decided to return the wealth of Hashim bin 'Abd Manaf to his son Shaybah.
Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf traveled to Yathrib  (Madinah) to bring his nephew back to Makkah. After initial hesitation Salma agreed to send her son to Makkah with his uncle Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf. On their way to Makkah, Shaybah was riding ahead of Al Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf. In those days, usually servants rode ahead of their masters. When people of Makkah saw Shaybah riding ahead of Al Muttalib, they mistook him as a servant of Al Muttalib. That is why they called him 'Abdul Muttalib, which means the servant of Al Muttalib. This nickname became so popular that his real name ‘Amr bin Hashim or his nickname Shaybah, was completely forgotten. With time 'Abdul Muttalib became the chief of Makkah and the caretaker of the Ka’bah. He inherited the responsibility to provide drinking water to the pilgrims of the Ka’bah. Fetching water all day long from distant wells made him very tired. By chance he discovered the long-lost Zamzam well. Muhammad S was the son of ‘Abdul Muttalib’s youngest son ‘Abdullah. Muhammad S was born a few months after the death of his father. ‘Abdul Muttalib loved his grandson Muhammad S very much. 'Abdul Muttalib died when Muhammad S was only eight year old.
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Abdullah / ‘Abd Allah     عبد الله
After the advent of Islam, ‘Abd Allah became one of the most popular names. It means slave of Allah. Rules of Arabic language grammar allow the two words to be combined together. After joining together, words ‘Abd and Allah can be written as ‘Abdullah or ‘Abdallah. Arabs worshiped Allah in the days of ignorance also, but they took many partners with Him. They mistakenly considered Allah as the biggest of their many gods. The name ‘Abd Allah was in use among Arabs before Islam also. Father of Muhammad S was also named ‘Abdullah. He had died a few months before Muhammad S was born.‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib was the name of the father of Muhammad S. He was the youngest son of ‘Abdul Muttalib. ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib died a few months after his marriage with Aminah bint Wahb. Muhammad S was born a few months after the death of his father ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib
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Aberrance                                     الضلال
Ability                             الهمة - القدرة
Abjuration                                     الارتداد - الإنكار - الردة
 Abjurer                                         المرتد
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  Ablution                الوضــــــــوء
At the five daily prayer times prescribed by the Qur'an, ablutions are part of the ritual purification which must precede participation in contemplation and the act of prostration and prayer. .
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 Abode                                           الدار  السكن
A . of delusion                                 دار الغرور
 A . of   joy                                         دار السرور
 A . of        peace                                  دار السلام
A . of       perdition                              دار البوار
 A . of      temptation                           دار الابتلاء
A . that abideth                                   دار القرار
 A . which    remaineth                       دار البقاء
 Abodes  (the two)                           الداران (الدنيا والآخرة)
 Abolish                                            ينسخ
 Abominable                                       المكروه
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 Abrahah Al-Habashi    أبرهه الحبشى
Abrahah Al-Habashi: The commander who led a huge army supported by elephants in an attempt to destroy the Ka`bah
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Abrogating                                      الناسخ
 Absolute                                              المطلق
 Absolvable                                            يغفر
 Abstemious                                           الزاهد
 Abstention                       إمتناع
 Abstinence                                          التقوى
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  Abu Al-Qasim      أبو القاسم
It is the Kunya of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). It is prohibited to have the Kunya of the Holy Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). See Sahih Bukhari, Hadith 205,book 73, Vol.8 Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul Adab.
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 Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) أبو بكر رضى الله عنه
Also spelled Abi Bakr. He was one of the greatest companions of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. His full name is Abu Bakr as-Siddiq. The Holy Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called him as-Siddiq because he always believed in him (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), without any reservation. He was the first of the four rightly guided Khalifaas (al-Khulafaa al-Rashideen) from 11 - 13 AH. The other three, may Allah bless them, were
1.    Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him,
13-23 AH.
2.    Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him,
24-36 AH.
3.    Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him,
36- 40 AH.
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 Abu Lahab                         أبو لهب
Fiercest enemy of Islam and paternal uncle of the Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace). Surah 111 of the Holy Qur'an. Known as Suratul Masad.
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 Abundance                                           الكوثر
Accepted                                   مبرور
 Accepter                                               الشفيع
Accountableness                               المسئولية
 Accursed                                              الملعون
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 'Ad         عاد (قوم)
An ancient tribe that lived after the Prophet Nooh (Noah), peace be on him, in the village of Ahqaf in the Yemen. It was a very prosperous tribe, but was rebellious against Allah Subhana wa Ta'ala and their Prophet Houd, peace be on him. So Allah Ta'ala destroyed it with a fatal westerly windstorm (Ad-Dabour). See Holy Qur'an, Houd (11):50-60. See Mursaleen .
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Adam (Peace be on him)    آدم عليه السلام
The first man and a prophet. He was created neither in Paradise nor on Earth, but in the realm of Allah's mercy. From there he was sent to Jannah (Paradise), from where later he was sent down to Earth. He had many offspring, the most famous ones are Habil (Abel) and Qaabil (Cain). See Holy Qur'an, Al-Baqarah (2): 30-39, Al-Maida (5) 30-34. See Mursaleen .
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 Adhan          الأذان
Islamic way for calling Muslims to prayer. The Adhan that is announced today was formulized and formalized in l AH. See Sahih Bukhari, Hadith 583,book 3, Vol.1 Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul Adab.
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Admonishment                                      الوعظ
  Administrative                                اقليم إدارى
  Adoration                                       العبادة
  Adorer                                                     العابد
  Adult                                                        البالغ
  Adulterant                                                 المطفف - الغاش
  Adulterer                                                 الزانى
  Adulteress                                               الزانية
Adulterine                                                  مرتكب الزنا
  Adultery                                                   الزنا
Adverse                                                 المكابر
  Advocate                                                 الوكيل
  Affability                                  الود
  Affection                                 المودة
  Affidavit                                                    الشهادة بقسم
  Affinity                                                       صلة الرحم
Affinity                            القربى - المصاهرة
  Afflatus                                        الالهام
Aforetime                                                   فى الازمنة الغابرة
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  Afwu     The Forgiver or Pardoner            العفـــو
Al-'Afuwo": The Forgiver or Pardoner, in the sense of obliterating the memory of wrongdoings from one's mind. One of the ninety-nine attributes of Allah Ta' ala. See Maghfirah .
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  Aged                                                المعمر
Aggression                                  عدوان
Aggressiveness                             العدوانية
  Agnomen                                  الكنية - اللقب
  Agnosticism                                     اللا أدرية
  Agony of death                           الاحتضار
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  AH             After Hijra    بعد الهجــــــرة
After Hijra. Hijra means emigration. The Islamic calendar starts from the day the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, emigrated from Makkah to Madinah, in 622 A.D.
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  Ahad       أحـــــد
1.    One.
2.    The Incomparable. When referring to Allah Subhana wa Ta'la, this means:
A.    that He has no comparable in His Essence or in any of His Attributes.
B.    that there is no deity (worthy of worship) but Allah.
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  Ahadeeth        أحـــاديث
Sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Singular: Hadith.
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  Ahl al-nass w-al-ta 'y in               أهل النص والتعيين
People of Divine ordinance and designation
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  Ahl ar-ra'y     people of opinion                     أهل الرأي
means people of opinion. It is refers to people that are consulted on Islamic matters. These people are highly learned in Islam.
  Ahl al-Dimmah (or Dhimmis)          أهل الذمَّة
are the non-Muslim subjects of an Islamic state who have been subjugated under the Muslims and pay Jizyah tax in order to have tolerance of their rights to life, property and practice of their religion, etc.
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  Ahl al-Kitab       'People of the Book,'   أهل الكتاب
literally 'People of the Book,' refers to the followers of Divine Revelation before the advent of Mohammad.
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  Ahlul Bait    "the People of the House".        أهل البيت
Literally means "the People of the House". A polite way of addressing the wife and the members of the household. Sometimes used to refer to the family of the Prophet Muhammad, may the blessing and peace of Allah be on him and on his family and on all his companions. The blessings here are addressed to the entire household. See Holy Qur' an, Houd (11):73.
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  Ahlul Kitab   "the People of the Scripture"أهل الكتاب
Literally means "the People of the Scripture". It refers to Yahoud (Jews), Nasara (Christians) and Saabe-een (Sabians). Those who believe in the Trinity and that Jesus is God and/or the Son of God are considered as Kuffar (unbelievers), even though they are Ahlul Kitab.
See Maghdoub and Dhaleen . Holy Qur' an, Yusuf Ali, Al-Maida (5): 19, 75-76. Holy Qur' an, M. Pickthall, Al-Maida (5):17, 72-73.
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  Ahlul Kitab wa sunnah أهل الكتاب والسُّنَّة
Literally means "the People of the Book (the Holy Qur'an) and the sayings and traditions, (the Sunnah of Muhammad, may Alah bless him and grant him peace)". This refers to the people who strive to follow exactly the teachings of the Holy Qur'an and Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, without any deviations.
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  Ahmad      أحمـــد
Another name of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Prophet Isa (Jesus), peace be on him, prophesied his coming. See Muhammad , may Allah bless him and grant him peace. See Holy Qur' an, As-Saff(61):6.
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  Ahqaf (Al) Name of a village in Yemen       الأحقاف
Name of a village in Yemen. Home of the people of 'Ad. See 'Ad . Surah 46 of the Holy Qur' an.
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Aid                       معونة
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  'Aisha (May Allah be pleased with her)        عائشة
Daughter of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him and her) and wife of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Call mother of the Faithful  ( uml Mumineen )
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Aimless                                      الضال
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  Ajal           time of death     أجل
Appointed time. In Islamic terminology it refers to the (appointed) time of death. Allah Ta'ala says in the Holy Qur'an that He will not, (and therefore no-one else can), alter the time of someone's death. Muslims reject such statements as "the doctor saved his life", or "he would have lived longer in..". Such statements are made by those who do not believe in Allah or do not have the understanding of the necessity to believe in Allah, thus exposing themselves to Shirk (associating partners with Allah), by believing and saying that the power over life and death is within human capability.
  'Ala (Al) The Most High                          الأعلـــــــى
"The Most High" See Surah 87 of the Holy Qur 'an.
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AL-'ADL           The Just    العـــــدل
"The Just". Among the 99 Names of God in Islamic theology.
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  Alaihi Salaam  Peace be upon him        عليه السلام
Peace be upon him. This is said whenever the name of a Malak (an angel), a nabi (a prophet) or a rasool (a messenger) of Allah is mentioned, except for the name or title of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu 'alaihe wa sallam). See Sallallahu 'alaihe wa sallam . See Mursaleen.
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  Al-Andalus                       الأندلس
Now the Arabic name for Spain. The word was derived from "Vandalusie", or the country of the Vandals. The Arabs settled in Al-Andalus for seven centuries where they commissioned architectural masterpieces making Al-Andalus one of the most beautiful architectural regions in the Islamic world.
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  Al-Asma al-Husna    الاسماء الحسني            
Al-Asma al-Husna, literally meaning the 'most excellent names' used of God, express His greatness and paramountcy, holiness, purity, and the perfection and absoluteness of all His attributes
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  Al-Aus         الأوس
Al-Aus: A tribe in Medina, later a section of the Ansar
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  al-Husayn                                 الحسين
The son of Ali Ibn Abi Talib and Fatima, he was assassinated in 680 AD in Kerbala and is venerated by the Shiites
  Al-`Uzza      العــــزي
Al-`Uzza: An idol worshipped in Mecca in the Pre-Islamic period
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  Al-hamudu lillah       Praise be to Allah الحمد لله
Praise be to Allah. Should be said on all occasions and especially after sneezing. Abu Huraira related that the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: 'When any one of you sneezes, then he should say "Al-hamdu lillah", and his brother or friend (who listens) should respond by saying "Yarhamuka Allah", (Allah have mercy upon you);
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  al-hawa.                          الهـــــوى
Personal temptations.
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Ali ibn Abi Talib, May Allah be pleased with him علي بن أبي طالب
One of the greatest companions of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The last of the four rightly guided Khalifs (al-Khulafaa al-Rashideen), may Allah bless with him, he ruled from 36AH to 4OAH. He was martyred whilst praying in the Masjid (mosque). See Khalifa.
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  Al-Khazraj         الخزرج
Al-Khazraj: A tribe in Medina, later a section of the Ansar
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ALLAH            God     الله
The Name of the Creator of the Universe and all that it contains. Derives from the word "Ilah" which means "the One deserving all worship", the One to Whom all hearts submit in love, fear, reverence, desire, trust and sincerity, and to Whom all limbs submit in all forms of worship such as prayers, supplications, sacrifices, invocations, etc.
1 -    Allah has decreed that His Holy Name is "Allah" and has ordained that all His creation call upon Him by the name of "Allah". In the original Bible and Taurat (in the Hebrew text), the name "Allah" is used.
2 -    In Islam the name "God" is not used for the fear of misunderstanding. To the Christians it will give them a mental image of a human being (the Prophet Jesus, son of Mary, peace be on him), to some Hindus it creates a mental picture of an animal (a cow). To the Zoroastrians it creates a picture of a fire, Allah, there is none but He, King of the Universe, the Creator and Originator of all that there is. He has no beginning nor end. He was not begotten nor did He beget. He is not like any thing.
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  Allah ta'ala   Allah the Exalted   الله تعالى
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  Al-Llat                 ‏اللات‏
Al-Lat: An idol worshipped by the Thaqif in the Pre-Islamic period
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  Allegation        Za'ama                   الزعامه
  Allegiance                              الاخلاص - الولاء
  Alliance                           الحلف
  Allies                            الحلفاء
Allowed                                المباح
  Allurement                                    الإغواء
  Ally                               المعاهد - الحليف
Almighty                          القدير

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The Almoravids (448-541 A.H./1056-1146 A.D.)   دولة المرابطين
The Almoravids (448-541 A.H./1056-1146 A.D.): The Almoravids were Berber descendants of the Limtunah, a tribe of Sinhajah. They founded an Islamic state in Morocco and ruled Andalusia and Tunisia. They were known for their covered faces and were called Al-Murabitin for living in secluded places for practicing acts of worship. Yusuf bin Tashfin was the most famous among their Sultans. He founded Marrakesh and made it the capital of his state. He defeated the Franks and put an end to the rule of Muluk Al-Tawa'if (the Kings of the Petty States). He left to `Ali, his son, a strong and vast state, but it was eventually destroyed by Almohads.
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  The Almohads (515-667 A.H./1121-1269 A.D.) دولة الموحدين
The Almohads (515-667 A.H./1121-1269 A.D.): A Shiite state in Morocco founded by Al-Mahdi bin Tumart after the fall of the Almoravid state. The Almohads ruled Morocco and extended their influence over Andalusia. Their state collapsed in Andalusia after the Battle of Al-`Aqab, (609 A.H./1212 A.D.)
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Almsgiving         zakat     الزكــــاة
Almsgiving (zakat in Arabic) is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, almsgiving constitutes one of the main means by which Islam strives for an economically just society. It is an obligatory "poor tax"--reckoned at somewhere between two and ten percent of income and holdings--which can be given directly to the poor or to a distribution official. The money is used for hospitals, schools, helping indigent debtors and freeing slaves, as well as poor support. From the perspective of the giver, "zakat" (as it is known in Arabic) purifies the giver and the remainder of his "wealth." It is also envisioned as a loan to Allah, who will repay it double.
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  Almsgiving                                    الصدقات
Alter ego                          الولى الحميم
Ambassador                                   السفير
  Ambigus                               المبهم
  Amen                            آمين
  Amender                              المصلح
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  Amin   آمين
Other Commonly Used Spellings: AAMIN, AAMEEN, AMEEN means custodian or guardian. Someone who is loyal or faithful.
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Amirul Mumineen  Commander of the Faithful    أمير المومنين
Commander of the Faithful. Title of the leader of the Islamic nation after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The first four commanders of the faithful of the new Islamic nation were called al-Khulafaa al-Rashideen, "the rightly-guided Khulafaas" (see Khalifa . They were given this title because they carried out their duties perfectly according to the Holy Qur'an and the practices and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
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Ammunition                         عتاد
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  Amnah bint Wahb                أمنه بنت وهب
Aminah bint Wahb was the mother of Muhammad S, the Messenger of Allah. She was the daughter of Wahb bin ‘Abd Manaf bin Zuhrah. Aminah bint Wahb was married to ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib, the youngest son of ‘Abdul Muttalib. Her husband Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib died during one of his trading trips and was buried in Yathrib (Madinah), where he had stopped for treatment with the maternal uncles of his father. He was buried there. Muhammad S, the Messenger of Allah, was born a few months after the death of his father. When the Messenger of Allah, Muhammad S was six year old, his mother Aminah bint Wahb took him to the grave of his father ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib in Yathrib (Madinah).  Aminah bint Wahb fell sick at Abwa, when they were returning from Yathrib (Madinah). She died and was buried at Abwa, a township between Makkah and Yathrib (Madinah). The Messenger of Allah, Muhammad S was brought back to his grandfather ‘Abdul Muttalib in Makkah, by Umm Ayman, a maidservant of his father.
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Amnesty                                      عفو
  Anathematization                           اللعن - السخط
Ancestor                                          السلف (من الاجداد)
  Ancestral                                      السلفى
Anchorite                               الناسك - الزاهد
  Animator                                        المحيي
  Animism                                    الروحانية
  Annalist                                         المؤرخ الحولى
  Annals                                           الحوليات
  Announcement                                الاذان - الاعلان
  Announcer                                 المؤذن
  Annunciation                           التبشير
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  Ansar         أنصــــــــــــــار
Literally means "helpers".
The inhabitants of Madinah, the Aus and the Khazraj tribes, who embraced Islam and supported the Muslim emigrants against the pagan Quraishi and other tribes who made war on the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
Helpers of the Prophet Isa (the Prophet Jesus, son of Mary), peace be on him. See Holy Qur'an, As-Saff (61):14. Singular: Ansari.
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Antichrist                              المسيح الدجال
  Antique                                    عتيق
  Apologue                                   الخرافة
  Apophthegm                                  القول المأثور
  Apostacy                                    الردة
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Apostasy Movement      حركــــة الردة‏
Apostasy Movement: Some tribes took advantage of the turmoil among the Muslims following the Prophet's death and declared their apostasy.
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  Apostate                             المرتد
  Apostle                          الحوارى - الرسول
  Apostleship                    الرسالة
  Apostheosis                       التأليه
  Approver  (the)               المجيب
  Approving                      الاستحسان
Appurtenance                     الحاشية
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aqiqah               عقيقة
the ceremony of shaving a baby's head and giving it a formal name. This ritual is a celebration of the birth of the child, and the giving of a name that welcomes it into the Muslim community. It usually takes place within seven days of the birth.
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Arab genealogy      Ansaboul arab            ‏  أنساب العرب‏
Arab genealogy: Arabs used to pride themselves on their noble birth and pure lineage. The Prophet's ancestry can be traced back to the Prophet Abraham (peace be upon him).
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  Arabicization of the Diwans          تعريب الدواوين‏
Arabicization of the Diwans: 700 Caliph `Abdul-Malik bin Marwan orders the arabicization of the Diwans (state ministries), which were following the Persian order (81 A.H.)
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  'Arafat      عرفـــــــــات
A pilgrimage site, ahout 25km east of Makkah al-Mukaramah. Standing on 'Arafat on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah and staying there from mid-day to sunset is the essence of the Hajj (the Pilgrimage).
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Arbitrariness                الاستبداد
  Arbitrary                            الاستبدادى
  Arbitration                         التحكيم
  Arbitrator                           الحكم
  Arch                                    قوس
  Archives                            السجلات

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  'Areem                       dam           العرم
May be translated as dams or embankments. The 'Areme (dam) that is referred to in Surah 34:16 is the Maarib Dam whose traces still exist in Yemen.
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  Argue                                      يجادل
  Arguer                                   المجادل
  Argumentation                      البرهان
  Armament                               التسلح
  Armature                                الدرع
Arm                       الجيش
Arrant                          الخبيث
  Arrogance                          التكبر
  Arrogant                          المتكبر
  Arrow                               السهم
  Arsenal                                دار الاسلحة
  Aruspex                                  العراف
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'Asr (Al)    Afternoon   العصـــــــــــــر
"Afternoon". The third compulsory Salat (Prayer) of the day. It can be prayed at any time between mid-afternoon and a little before sunset. Surah 103 of the Holy Qur'an.
  Ascendance                       الاستعلاء - السيادة
  Ascendancy                  السطوة - النفوذ
Ascension                    الصعود - لعيسى عليه السلام
  Ascent                             العروج
  Ascents                             المعارج
  Ascertainment            التحقق
  Ascetic                        الزاهد - الناسك
  Asceticism                        زهد - نسك
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  ascetic             Batul                  بتـــــــول
means ascetic. It is ascribed to Fatimah (the Prophets daughter) and the Virgin Mary.
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  Ashabul Aika                          أصحاب الأيكـــة
Dwellers of the wood. Another name for the Midianites. See Madyan . See Holy Qur'an, Al-Hijr (15):78, Al-Shu'ara (26):176-191.
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Ashab Al-Maimana   companions of the Right    أصحاب الميمنة
Literally means "companions of the Right", the righteous people. On the Day of Resurrection, Allah Ta'ala will sort out the good and the evil. They will be divided into three groups:
1.    Muqarraboon - the exalted class, those who are nearest to Allah Ta'ala.
2.    Ashab al-Maimana - the righteous people, those who are destined to enter Jannah (Paradise).
3.    Ashab aI-Mash'ama - literally means "companions of the Left"; these people will be the inheritors of the Nar (Hellfire).
For full explanations of: Muqarraboon, see Surah Al-Waqi'ah (56):11-26; Ashab al-Maimana, see Surah 56:27-40. Ashab al-Mash 'ama, see Surah Al-Waqi'ah (56):41-56.
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Ashab Al-Mash'ama Companions of the Left     أصحاب المشئمة
Literally means "Companions of the Left", the evil-doers. These people will he the companions of the Nar (Hellfire) on the Day of Resurrection. For full explanation: See Ashab al-Maimana . See Holy Qur'an, Al-Wa qi'a (56):41-56.
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  Ashraful Mursaleen                   أشرف المرسلين
The most honoured of all the prophets. One of the titles of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
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  Asharatul mubashshirun (Al)            العشرة المبشرين
the ten people that were given the glad tidings of assurance of entering Paradise. They were Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Abdur Rahman ibn Awf, Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, Talhah ibn Ubaydullah, az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, Sa'id ibn Zayd
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  Asiya   أسيا (امرأة فرعون)
The wife of Fir'aun (Pharaoh). She is one of the four greatest created females, the other three being:
1.    Mariam (Mary), may Allah be pleased with her, the mother of the Prophet Isa (Jesus), peace be on him.
2.    Khadija,may Allah be pleased with her, the first wife of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
3.    Fatima, may Allah be please with her, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
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  Asma wa Sifaat (Tawheed Al)              الأسماء والصفات
Unity of Names and Attributes of Allah Ta'ala. To believe that:
1.    None can qualify or name Allah except as He or the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, named or qualified Him.
2.    None can be named or qualified with the Names of the Attributes that belong only to Allah Subhana wa Ta'ala. For example, none may be called 'Al-Muhyee" (the Giver of Life) except for Allah Subhana wa Ta'ala Himself.
3.    We must believe in all the Ayat and Ahadeeth (Sahih) regarding the Attributes of Allah without altering their meaning in any way whatsoever.
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  Asmaul Husna (Al)                              الاسماء الحسنى
The ninety-nine Beautiful Names (Attributes) of Allah Ta'ala. It is haram to add to or delete from the list of Attributes of Allah. It is also haram to give such attributes to anyone else. For the full list of al-Asmaul Husna, see Asmaul Husna Al-asmaul Husna(List).
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  Assalamu 'Alaikum Peace be on you         السلام عليكم
"Peace be on you". Greeting of the Muslims. The response to this greeting is "Wa 'Alaikum Assalam wa Rahmatul-lahi wa Barakatuh", And on you be the Peace and Mercy of Allah and His Blessings.
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  Assassins                              الحشاشون
  Assembler                              الجامع
Assent                        التسليم - الرضا
  Assignation                           الفرض
  Associate                   الصحابى
  Associates                    الصحابة
  Astrologist                              المنجم
Astrology                    علم التنجيم
Astronomer                     الفلكى
Astronomy        - علم الهيئة - علم الفلك

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  Atabic    The Atabegs   الأتابك
The Atabegs: Atabeg was a Turkish title used by the Seljuks for members of the court ministers and leaders. Some of the Atabegs managed to take control of the state leading to the emergence of the petty states in the 12th century A.D. in Iran and Syria. They ruled for a long period of time, most remarkable among them were the Atabegs of Azerbaijan and Iran.
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  Atheist                            الملحد
  Athheistic                       الالحادى
  Atone                         يكفر عن ذنب
  Attack  Hujoom (Onslaught)    ‏هجوم‏
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  Attacker                  المهاجم
  Attitude                     اتجاه
  Attributes                     الصفات
  Attributes of prefection              صفات الكمال
  Attributes of majesty                صفات الجلال
Attributes of  beauty                 صفات الجمال
  Attributes of essence                 صفات الذات
Attributes ( of god )        اسماء الله وصفاته
  Attrition                                الإنابة
Augur                               العراف - الكاهن
Authority                                السلطة
  Autocracy                       الحكم المطلق
  Autocrat                                الحاكم المطلق
Autonomy                            التفرد - الاستقلال الذاتي
  Avarice                                الحرص  -البخل
  Avaricous                                 البخيل
  Avenge                   يثأر
Avenger             المنتقم
  Awakener  (the)                          الباعث
  Award                              يحكم
Aware  (the)              الكبير
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  Ayah (pl. ayat)               آيه
Ayah means a sign (or 'token') which directs one to something important. In the Quran the word has been used in four  different senses: (1) sign or indication; (2) the phenomena of the universe (called ayat of God for the reality to which the phenomena point is hidden behind the veil of appearances); (3) miracles performed by the Prophets; and (4) individual units (i.e. verses) of the Book of God.
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  Ayoub, Peace be upon him .     ايوب عليه السلام
Job. A prophet of Islam. He was renowned for his patience, hence the idiom "Sabr Ayoub" (the patience of Job), which means complete patience and constancy.See Mursaleen .
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  'Aziz              The Almighty      العزيـــــــز
1.    "Al-'Aziz". The Almighty. One of the ninety-nine attributes of Allah Ta'ala. See Holy Qur'an, Al-Hajj' (22):40. See Asmaul Husna LIST?.
2.    Title of Egyptian noblemen during the time of the Pharaohs. Zulaikha was the wife of the 'Aziz who tried, but failed, to tempt the Prophet Yusuf (Joseph), peace be on him, into seduction. See Holy Qur' an, Yusuf(12):23 - 24.