The rights of relatives

8. The rights of relatives
Relatives or relatives are particularly important. Islam urges them to be kindly attentive. A wealthy Muslim, man or woman, is obliged to support his/her relatives. Here too, priority should be given to those closest to you and those who are dear to you. More distant family members are the closest ones to whom such kind treatment is due. According to the teachings of Islam, a Muslim must take part in the interests of his relatives. Similarly, he should share the sorrows and gains of his loved ones.

This is based on the instructions from the Quran al-Karim Sura An-Nisa (The Women) 4:1, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(O people, fear your Lord, who created you from a single being; and from him He created his wife, and from them He created many men and women. And fear Allah, in whose name you supplicate one another, and (in the name of your) blood relations. Verily Allah is watching over you.)

In fact, Islam forces the Muslim to be kind to his loved ones even if they are unkind to him. A Muslim is commanded to forgive his family members even if they are vengeful towards him. A Muslim is required to maintain close relationships with his family members even if they do not feel it is necessary.

This is based on the instruction of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
“Someone who builds a good protective shell with his family will not be the “rewarded one.” The truly good mediator (with his family members) is the one who is good to his relatives when they break off relations with him.”

Furthermore, Islam warned against breaking off relationships with relatives and family members. Such sins are considered major sins in Islam.

This is based on the instructions from the Quran al-Karim Sura Muhammad (Peace be upon him) 47:22, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(Do you then want to cause ruin in the land and break the ties of your blood by turning away from the faith? These are the ones who are cursed by Allah, so that He makes them deaf and blinds their eyes.)

A word about general rights and responsibilities:
Islam instructs Muslims to share the concerns and trials of their Muslim brothers around the world and to assist them as much as possible. Support for his fellow Muslims is not limited to any particular location. In fact, it is universal. It disregards any geographical boundaries.

This is based on the instructions of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
“The Muslim is like a wall to the other. One part holds and strengthens the other.” When the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said this, he clasped his hands together.

Furthermore, Islam instructs Muslims to maintain good relations with their Muslim brothers.

This is based on the commands of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
“Avoid suspicion. Suspicion is the worst lie. Do not follow the bad news, shortcomings and mistakes of your Muslim brothers. Don't spy on your Muslim brothers. Do not compete (with bad thoughts and intentions) with your Muslim brothers. Don't hate your Muslim brothers. Do not turn away from your Muslim brothers (if they need your help and support). O servant of Allah! Be [good] brothers to one another, as He has commanded you. A Muslim is a brother to another Muslim. A Muslim must be fair to his Muslim brother.

A Muslim must not abandon him or forbid his support. A Muslim is not allowed to embarrass his Muslim brother (in any way). What a Muslim owns is forbidden for other Muslims to use [without first asking the owner's permission] or misuse [without permission]. Piety [righteousness] is here,” pointing (Peace be upon him) to his chest [heart], “Piety is here. It is a sufficient evil for a Muslim to expose his brother. Anything a Muslim owns is forbidden to another Muslim [to interfere]; his blood [i.e. killing one another], his protected things [dignity, honor and family members] and his wealth or possessions. Verily Allah pays no attention to your body, shape or form, but He considers our hearts, deeds and deeds.”

This is also justified by the following directive of the Messenger of Allah:
“A Muslim is not a true believer until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself.”

These general rights apply to all members of the Islamic Society:
1. The rights of a ruler over the population
This right is simply based on the Ajat from the Qur'an al-Karim Sura An-Nisa' (The Women) 4:59, that of the meaning can be translated as follows:
(O you who believe, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those who have authority among you.)

The following are the guidelines that the Muslim must adhere to:
• Obedience to the ruler as long as the ruler does not order something bad to be done.

This is justified by the saying of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
“Listen and obey, even if a slave from Ethiopia is appointed (as ruler), as long as he acts according to the Divine Book of Allah.”

• Therefore, obedience to a Muslim ruler who acts in accordance with the divine book is equivalent to obedience to Allah (Almighty) and vice versa. Any disobedience to the orders of a ruler who acts according to Allah (Almighty) Book is actually disobedience to Allah (Almighty).

•Metaphorical and Serious Advice: A Muslim leader must be given serious advice for the welfare of the community. A Muslim ruler must be given recommendations that will benefit him, the community and the entire nation. A Muslim ruler must be reminded of the basic needs that the general public lacks. This is based on the guidelines from the Quran al-Karim Sura Taha 20:44, which can be translated in meaning as follows: (But speak to him in gentle language; perhaps he is admonished or fears (Allah).)

The people and people must support a Muslim leader/ruler in crisis situations. It is the duty of the Muslim to obey his leader and not to abandon him or to incite the people against him. Aside from not pledging allegiance to the ruler, one must not turn away from a leader in troubled times.

This is based on the instructions of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
“If someone comes to you while you have a leader and tries to divide your unity, kill him.”

2. Rights of the people against the government
Muslims in an Islamic state have certain rights vis-à-vis their government.

These can be summarized as follows:
Absolute justice: This means that every person in Islamic society is given fair treatment. All individuals who are entitled to special rights must be given the rights they deserve. All individuals required to fulfill certain duties must be treated fairly and impartially. Responsibility must also be distributed equally and fairly among people. No individual, class of people, group or class may be given any priority or preference over others.

This is based on the instructions of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
“The most beloved and closest to Allah on the Day of Judgment is a righteous leader/ruler or judge. Accordingly, the most hateful of Allah and the most distant from Him is an excessive and tyrannical ruler.”

Referendum: People have the right to be consulted. People in an Islamic society have the right to be consulted about matters affecting their economic and social affairs. This survey should take place in a simple form. The public must be given the opportunity to share their views and ideas on the issues related to the Islamic community. Views expressed in this way may be accepted if they serve the general interest. This is justified by the example when the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) during the Battle of Badr followed the advice of an ordinary Muslim who suggested that he change the location of the camp of the fighting Muslims. 

The Prophet (Peace be upon him) accepted the advice of his companion. One of the ordinary, simple Muslims asked the Messenger (Peace be upon him) during the battle: “O Prophet of Allah. Is this a place where Allah has commanded you to camp and we have no choice to change it? Is this the strategy and plan of the battle?” Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) promptly replied: “No. Is not it. It’s more like my battle plan.” The man who asked suggested: “O Prophet of Allah! This is not the right choice for storage space. Let us find one where we are closest to our enemies' water source and camp there. Then we have to bury all our water supplies (if we can). Then we have to build a basin or a water reservoir for our site. Then we can go into battle. We will have access to water, but our enemies will not. So we will be able to drink and use the water available and our enemies will not be able to. Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) commented: “You certainly gave the best advice.”

Islamic Laws: The Basis for Islamic Geric htsdecisions and legal regulations is the Shari'ah, the Islamic law. The constitution of a Muslim ruler must be based on the Quran, Sunnah and all Islamic judicial sources. When an authentic text is available, there should be no room for personal opinions. Spontaneous views can sometimes prove to be mistaken, even if at other times they prove productive. There was an incident here when the second Khalif 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah be pleased with him), after becoming the ruler of the Muslims, turned to the man who killed his brother Zaid bin Al-Khattab, whose name was Abu Maryann Al-Saluule was by saying: "By Allah! I should not love you until the earth loves blood [i.e. it is impossible]." The murderer replied: "Would this cost me any of my rights [as a Muslim]?" 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) immediately replied: "No." The killer commented: "[I guess] Only women cry for love. Don't worry!"

Open Door Policy: A Muslim ruler cannot have a closed door policy. He is not allowed to move far away and distance himself from his people. A Muslim ruler must not appoint middlemen who are biased and select only certain people who are allowed to see the ruler while rejecting others.

This is evident from the instructions of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
"Whoever is entrusted with the leadership of the Muslims and then hides from them and does not respond to their needs, Allah (Almighty) will hide from such a ruler on the Day of Judgment, making him suffer from his own misery and needs."

Grace to the people: A Muslim ruler must be merciful to his people. He must not push them beyond their abilities. A Muslim ruler must not make it difficult for his people to live and survive in society. A Muslim ruler must treat an older man as a father, a boy as a son, and someone of the same age as a brother. A Muslim ruler must be respectful to the elders, kind and gracious to the young, and considerate to those of his age group.

This is based on the Ajat in Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Imran 3:159, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And considering the mercy of Allah, you (O Muhammad) were gentle with them; but if you had been harsh and hard-hearted, they would have run away from you. Therefore forgive them and ask pardon for them and consult them in the matter; and if you are determined, then trust in Allah; for verily Allah loves those who trust in Him.)

It is also based on the guidelines of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
"Those who are merciful [and kind to others], may Allah be merciful [and kind] to them. Be [kind and] merciful to the people of the earth, and Allah will be [even] more merciful to you."

In fact, 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah be pleased with him), the second Khalif of the Muslims, once said: "By Allah! A female mule stumbled in 'Iraq, I was worried that Allah (Almighty) would ask me [on the Day of Judgment]: "O 'Umar ! Why don't you pave the way for this female mule."

3. Rights of neighbors
Allah commanded in the Qur'an al-Karim Sura An-Nisa' (The Women) 4:36, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him; and be good to parents and kindred, to orphans, to the poor, to the neighbor, whether related or foreign, to the companion at your side, to the son of the way, and to the one (slave) whom you have by right owns. Behold, Allah does not love the proud and boastful.)

Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) described the rights of neighbors as follows:
"Do you know the rights of the neighbor? [They are as follows] If a neighbor asks for your help, give it to him. If a neighbor asks you for a loan, lend to him [if you have it]. If your neighbor becomes poor, then help him financially and support him in his poverty if you can. If your neighbor gets sick, then visit him [ask about his health and situation]. If your neighbor is happy about some win, congratulate him. If your neighbor has a If misfortune happens, offer your condolences. If your neighbor dies, attend his funeral [if you can]. Don't tower over his buildings so that they block the sunlight or wind. Don't bother your neighbor with that Smell of cooked food before offering him some [of the cooked food]. If you buy fruits [while he does not have the means to buy anything], then give him some of the fruits. If you do not want to give him any of your fruits , then bring them into your house [without him noticing]. Do not allow your child to bring out the purchased fruit later, in order to ambush his son and annoy him."

Furthermore, Islam divides neighbors into three categories:
A kindred neighbor. This neighbor has three rights over you: the right of kinship, the right of the neighbor and the right of Islam.

A Muslim neighbor has two rights: the right of a neighbor and the right of Islam.

A non-Muslim neighbor still has the right of neighbor. 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with him), a very famous leading companion and scholar of Islam, once came home. He saw that his family had slaughtered a sheep. He immediately asked: "Did you offer any of the sheep's meat as a gift to our Jewish neighbors?

For I heard the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) saying:
"The angel Jibriel(peace on them) repeatedly commanded me to be kind to my neighbor until I thought he would appoint him as my heir."

4. Rights of friends
Friends enjoy special rights in Islam. This is based on the guidelines of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him): "The best of friends and the best of neighbors is the best to them."

5. Rights of the poor
The poor and needy enjoy rights in Islamic society. In fact, Allah (Almighty) praises those who donate for His sake and to help the poor and needy in Islamic society.

This has its basis in the instructions of the Ajat from the Qur'an al-Karim Sura Al-Ma'ariğ (The Ladder to Heaven) (70:24-25), which can be translated in meaning as follows: (and those in whose possession there is a certain share for the supplicant and the poor)

Islam considers giving alms to the poor and needy as the best deeds. Furthermore, Islam warns those who accumulate and save their wealth and do not donate in the way of Allah (Almighty).

This is based on the Ajat from the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Baqarah (The Cow) 2:177, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(It is not piety if you turn your faces toward the east or west; Rather, piety is believing in Allah, the Last Day, the Angels, the Book and the Prophets and giving one's possessions - even though one loves them - to relatives, the orphans, the poor, the son of the way, the beggars and ( for the ransoming of slaves, performing prayers and paying Zakat. They are those who keep their promise when they have made it; and those who are patient in hardship, distress and time of war; they are the ones who are truthful and God-fearing)

For this reason, Zakat is considered one of the fundamental pillars of Islam. Zakat is set as a percentage of accumulated income saved in a year. Muslims donate the required amount on their own initiative out of obedience to Allah (Almighty) commands. They give to the poor and needy. Zakat is obligatory for those who have a fixed amount of money beyond which Zakat must be paid.

This has its basis in the Ajat from the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Bayyina (The Clear Evidence) 98:5, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(Yet they were commanded nothing other than to serve Allah faithfully in sincerity and to perform the prayers and pay Zakah. And that is the religion of straightforwardness.)

If a Muslim refuses to pay Zakat, he/she will be declared a disbeliever. Furthermore, if a Muslim openly and publicly refuses to pay the required amount of Zakat, a Muslim ruler must wage war against such people until they pay it properly. Refusal to pay Zakat harms the poor and needy section of Islamic society to which this right is entitled. For this reason, Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him), the first Rightly Guided Khalifa, waged war against the group that rejected Zakat and refused to pay it. Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) made the following famous statement: "By Allah! If those who refuse to pay Zakat refuse to pay even the value of a string that they previously offered to the Prophet (Peace be upon him), then I shall fight with them for it [i.e. until they pay the full amount]."

Zakat is described by the following principles and conditions:
1. The payer of Zakat must have 'Nisab', an appropriate amount as stipulated in the Islamic Shari'ah. This amount must exceed the owner's needs. Basic needs are defined by food, shelter, transportation and proper clothing.

2. The period of one year (i.e. 365 days) must elapse during which the owner is in possession of the sum of money and there is no need to use it for his basic needs.

Islam defines the people who are eligible to receive Zakat. This is based on the Ayat from the Quran al-Karim Surah At-Tauba (Repentance) 9:60, which has the following meaning (Verily alms is only for the poor and the needy, and for those in charge of administering (alms), and for those whose hearts are to be won, and for the liberation of slaves, and for the debtors, and for the cause of Allah and for the Son of the Way; (this is) a decree from Allah. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. )

Zakat is set as 2.5% of the absolute unused sum of money in a year. Islam uses Zakat to eradicate poverty in Islamic society and to deal with the problems resulting from poverty such as: theft, murder, assault on people and their property. In addition, it stimulates mutual care and support among members of the Islamic community. Furthermore, Zakat is used to meet the needs of the needy, the destitute and to pay the debts of those who have debts and are unable to repay them for good and legitimate reasons. Furthermore, paying Zakat purifies the heart, soul and wealth of the payer. The owner of a wealth becomes less greedy and stingy if he/she pays that share to the poor and needy people in the community. Furthermore, the payer will become less eager to own and less selfish, forgetting the poor.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah At-Taghabun (The Lost Gain) 64:16, which can be translated in meaning as follows: (And those who are protected from their own greed – these are the successful ones.)

Zakat also purifies the hearts of those who are less wealthy. The poor and needy will feel less hatred, jealousy and bitterness against the rich and wealthy class of society. For they realize that they are paying their debts and sharing the troubles of their poor brothers.

Allah Almighty warns those who refuse to pay the required Zakat of severe punishment. Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah Al-'Imran (The House of 'Imran) 3:180, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And those who are stingy with what Allah has given (them) of His bounty should not think that this is better for them. No, it will serve them for evil. On the Day of Resurrection they should wear as a collar what they were stingy with. And Allah's is the inheritance of the heavens and the earth, and Allah knows what you do.)

6. Rights of workers
Islam has established a number of laws and regulations regarding work and labor. An employer must maintain a friendly relationship with his employees and the work force in accordance with Islamic teachings. Such a union must be based on equality, goodwill and Islamic brotherhood. This has its basis in the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him).

"Your workers are your brothers. Allah Almighty has placed them under your command. Whoever has one (of his brothers) under him (to work) must feed him and clothe him with what he eats , with which he clothes himself, and does not charge them to do what they cannot do. If you do this, help them."

Furthermore, Islam upholds the honor and dignity of workers. It is reported that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said:
"The best (or purest) income is that which results from honorable (and earnest) work."

Islam also encourages the employer to clarify wages before the worker engages in the required work.

Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) has assured the rights of the worker and the wages he will receive.

It is reported that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said:
"I am the adversary of three (kinds of) men on the Day of Judgment...and a man who employs a workman but does not pay him his [full] wages."

In fact, the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) ordered employers to pay workers' wages before their sweat dries. In addition, the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) ordered that employers not give their workers tasks that they cannot do. If they still do this, they should help them with their own efforts or support them financially or give them more time.

7. Rights of employers
Islam accordingly requires workers to maintain a good relationship with their employer. Islam requires workers to fulfill their duties to their employer to the best of their ability and ability. Workers must not under any circumstances belittle or harm their employer or their work in any way.

It is reported that Allah's Messenger ((Peace be upon him)) said:
"Allah Almighty likes a worker who does his work perfectly."

8. Rights of other creatures
All pets must be well cared for fed, properly cared for and treated kindly.

It is narrated that Allah's Messenger ((Peace be upon him)) said:
"A woman went to hellfire because of a cat. She locked the cat up until the cat died. The woman did not give the cat food or water, nor did she allow it to roam and eat whatever it could find."

All animals must be treated well according to Islamic teachings. Pack animals must not be so overloaded that they can no longer carry the load. Animals must not be tortured, injured or beaten, regardless of the reason.

It is reported that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said:
"Allah Almighty curses the one who burns an animal to mark it."

Islam forbids people from targeting a live animal, thereby tormenting the poor and innocent animal. It is narrated that Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) once passed by a group of young men from the Quraish who were using a bird as a live target. Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) asked who did this. He then commented: "May Allah curse the one who released this bird as a living target."

Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) was referring to the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
"May Allah curse the one who exposes a living being as a living target."

Islam condemns people who mutilate animals [without any reasonable reason] after killing them.

Islam also prohibits frightening or harming an animal. This is justified by the Hadith reported by Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him): "We were a group accompanying the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him). He went away to pursue his natural needs. When he was gone, we noticed a female bird with him two of her little chicks. We took the two little birds. The mother bird fluttered above the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him). When the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) returned, he noticed what we had done.

He asked (Peace be upon him):
"Who was the one who kidnapped the two little birds from their mother and made them sad and troubled? Return the two little birds to their mother."

Islam further commands that an animal that is slaughtered for consumption should be made easier to slaughter. In fact, Islamic teachings prohibit a Muslim butcher from sharpening the knife in front of the animal's eyes or while other animals are watching. Furthermore, the animals that are to be killed must not have their necks broken or even their skin removed before they have completely died. Nevertheless, Islam prescribes that some harmful animals and/or insects should be killed because humans are paramount above all other creatures. From Allah's perspective, human life is honored and important. Man is the most honorable creature from Allah's perspective. Therefore, if the rights of animals are important from Allah's perspective, the rights of humans are even more important. As already emphasized, humans are the crown of creation.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Isra' (The Night Journey) 17:70, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And verily We have honored the children of Adam, and carried them over land and sea, and provided them with good things, and distinguished them - a distinction above those many whom We have created.)

Islam emphasizes the merciful treatment of animals. In fact, Islam considers the kind treatment of animals and other helpless creatures as one of the reasons for forgiveness of sins and entry into Jannah, the Paradise of the Almighty.

It is also reported that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said:
"As a man81 was on his way [through the desert], he suffered from terrible thirst. Looking for water, he found a well. He climbed into the well [with difficulty], drank his fill, and came out. On At the edge of the well, the man noticed a stray dog licking up the dirt due to severe thirst. The man thought to himself: I think the dog is suffering from the same thirst as I was suffering [if not more]. Since he didn't find anything that he With water for the terribly thirsty dog, the man took off his shoe. He climbed into the well again, filled his shoe with water, held the shoe with his teeth and climbed out of the well again. On top of the well The man offered the thirsty dog what water he could get in his shoe. Allah Almighty looked down with mercy on this man and what he did for the thirsty dog. He appreciated what a good deed the man did and forgave him his sins." The Companions who were present with the Prophet asked: "O Messenger of Allah! Will we be rewarded for what we do to the animals?" He replied, "Yes, of course! There is a reward [for every good deed] if you give it to a living and breathing Tier [helps]."

As far as plants and trees are concerned, Islam allows the use of the fruits of trees. Islam prohibits cutting, uprooting, or even breaking a tree's branches without good reason. If there is no need to cut down a tree, you should not cut it down. On the contrary, Islam commands to take care of the trees, especially during the reproductive or active phase and to ensure increased growth of new trees.

This is based on the hadith quoted by Imam Ahmad in which the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said:
"When the hour [Day of Judgment] comes, [and you recognize the event], while a man is holding a palm sapling in his hand [to plant it in the ground], let him plant it [in the ground] before he leaves this life."

Furthermore, Islam considers planting useful plants and fruit-bearing trees as one of the good deeds for which one will be blessed and rewarded.

This is based on the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
"Never does a Muslim plant a tree [or plant] from which birds or a human being or even animals eat without a reward [good deed] being recorded [or given] to the planter."

Islam mandates certain rights, even for roadsides and public passageways. It is reported that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said: "Avoid sitting on the roadsides [or sidewalks] [at all costs]." The companions present asked: "O Messenger of Allah! The roadsides [sidewalks] are exits for us, where we can sit, rejoice and talk. We cannot avoid them." When the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) heard this, he replied: "If you cannot avoid sitting on the sidewalks, then you must give the sidewalks their due rights." The companions then asked: "O Messenger of Allah! What are the rights of the sidewalks?"

Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) replied:
"You should lower your gaze [when a woman comes or passes by], you should avoid harming anyone, you should return the greeting [when a passerby greets you], you should command the good and forbid the bad."

Additionally, it is reported that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said:
"Removing any harmful thing from the road is a charitable act [that is rewarded and valued by Allah]."

Apart from this, it is reported that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) ordered: "Avoid the two things that bring about curses [acts that bring about a curse against the one who does them]." The companions who were present at that time asked: "O Messenger of Allah! What are these things that cause the curse?" 

Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) replied:
"They are the one who pursues his natural needs on public paths [or footpaths] and the one who pursues his natural needs [urinating or getting relief] in shady places where other people seek rest [and relaxation]."

However, if these rules or rights are not defended with violence, they would remain only ideals and dreams in people's minds. If there were no authority to emphasize them, they would remain utopian ideals. Some people have a tendency to disobey such orders. You need an authority that exerts power.

It is narrated that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said:
"You should restrain a careless person from doing evil. You should force such a careless person to command good, or else. Allah (Almighty) may soon send a swift punishment against you."

Therefore, in order to preserve and maintain such human rights in the Islamic society, Allah Almighty has revealed pertinent commands to His Messenger. Allah (Almighty) commands not to exceed these limits.

Furthermore, Allah (Almighty) established punishments and laws known as Huduud (prescribed punishments) or capital punishment, or even set a specific punishment in the Hereafter [in the next world], as a severe torment in Hellfire.

We will list below a few of the commands as "do" and "don't do" which Islam has established:
Islam prohibits the killing or murder of any human being. Islam classifies such an act among the “Major Sins in Islam.”

This has its basis in the Ayat in the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Isra' (The Night Journey) 17:33, which can be translated in terms of meaning as follows:
(And do not kill the life that Allah has made inviolable, except by right. And whoever is killed unjustly, We have certainly given authority (to retaliate) to his heirs; but he should not be excessive in killing; because he finds (Our) help.)

Islam prohibits any aggressive action against people's honor, dignity and privacy. In fact, such acts are considered major sins in Islam.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Isra' (The Night Journey) 17:32, which can be translated in meaning as follows: (And do not come near to fornication; see, this is shameful and an evil way)

Islam also bans actions of all kinds that are considered shameless or things that promote shamelessness in a society. For this reason, Islam also bans all actions that can lead to such shamelessness.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah An'am (The Cattle) 6:151, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(Say: "Come here, and I will read what your Lord has forbidden you: You shall not associate anything with Him, and you shall show kindness to your parents, and you shall not kill your children out of poverty. We care for you and for them. You shall not approach iniquity, whether manifest or hidden; and you shall not kill anyone whose life Allah has made inviolable, except in accordance with law. This is what He has commanded you, that you may understand like.)

Allah (Almighty) prohibits attacks of any kind on the wealth and property of others. That is why all kinds of theft and fraud and the like are banned in Islam.

This is based on the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him): "Whoever deceives us is not one of us." Usury is also forbidden in Islam.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah Al-Baqara (The Cow) 2:275, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(This is so because they say: "Trading is the same as taking interest."But Allah has permitted trading and has forbidden taking interest.)

Furthermore, Allah forbids (Almighty) fraud and treason of any kind.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Anfal (The Spoils) 8:27, which can be translated in terms of meaning as follows: (O you who believe, do not act unfaithful to Allah and the Messenger, nor are you knowingly unfaithful in your trusteeship.)

Additionally, Islam controls the monopoly.

This is based on the Hadith of Messenger Allahs (Peace be upon him):
“No one usurps the exclusive right to sell except a wrongdoer.”

Islam also bans bribery.

This is based on the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
"May Allah (Almighty) curse both the one who pays bribe and the one who accepts it."

Similar prohibitions apply to shady and illegitimate methods of taking money.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah Al-Baqara (The Cow) 2:188, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And do not devour one another's property unjustly, nor offer it to the authorities (as a bribe) in order to sinfully devour part of people's property, knowing that.)

Islam further condemns the abuse of power, position and influence for personal gain. In fact, Islam empowers the ruler to confiscate all profits obtained through abusive means and deposit them in the Islamic treasury.

This is based on the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him):
"The Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) spoke to a man named Ibn al-Lutbiyyah, who was appointed as a Zakat collector. This collector divided the Zakat revenues into two parts, one for the Islamic treasury and another [he claimed] for him as offerings and gifts, which were offered and given to him [the Collector]. When Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) heard this from the Collector, he was very upset.

The Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) stood on the Mimbar and praised Allah Almighty [as was His], then said: "I assign some of you duties that Allah (Almighty) has entrusted to me. Then that delegate comes back and says: " This [part] is yours and this part [of the Zakat collected] was given to me as a gift." Why doesn't such a person [the Zakat collector] sit at his father's or mother's house and see [and wait] whether people give him any Bring gifts or offerings? By Allah, in whose hands my soul is, if a person [the Zakat collector] receives any thing from the collected Zakat, he will bring it on his neck [and shoulders] on the Day of Judgment."

Islam prohibits all forms of intoxicants that affect the memory or brain of the user. 

This is based on the Ajat from the Qur'an al-Karim Sura Al-Maidah (The Table) 5:90, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(O you who believe, intoxicants, gambling, sacrificial stones and lottery arrows are an abomination, the work of Satan. So avoid them so that you can be successful)

Islam prohibits any kind of harm done to a human or animal such as beating or other vices such as slander, gossiping, false witnessing, etc.

This is based on the Ajat in the Quran al-Karim Surah Al-Ahzaab (The Allies) 33 :58, which can be translated as follows:
(And those who unjustly harm believing men and believing women certainly incur (the guilt of) slander and manifest sin.)

In addition, Islam protects the dignity and honor of others. Therefore he despises slander.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Hujurat (The Chambers) 49:12, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(O you who believe! Avoids frequent suspicion; for some suspicion is sin. And don't spy or slander one another. Would any of you like to eat the flesh of your dead brother? Surely you would detest it. So fear Allah. Verily, Allah is Gracious, Merciful.)

In addition, Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah An-Nur (The Light) 24:27-28, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(O you who believe, do not enter any dwellings other than yours until you have asked permission and greeted their inhabitants. It is better for you if you allow yourself to be admonished. And if you find no one there, do not enter until you are given permission. And when it is said to you, “Repent!” then turn back; that is purer for you. And Allah knows well what you do.)

Furthermore, Islam prohibits injustice of any kind.

This is based on the Ajat in the Qur'an al-Karim Sura An-Nahl (The Bees) 16:90-91, which can be translated in terms of meaning as follows:
(Indeed, Allah commands us to act justly, to do good unselfishly and to be generous towards our relatives; and He forbids what is shameful and abominable and violent. He admonishes you; perhaps you will accept the admonition. If you have made a covenant, keep your covenant with Allah; and do not break the oaths after they have been confirmed, when you have made Allah your surety. Verily Allah knows what you do.)

Furthermore, Allah (Almighty) says in a Hadith Qudsi (Saints Hadith):
"O My servants! I have forbidden Myself injustice. I have declared injustice among you (people). Therefore, do not do (or cause) unjust things to others."

In fact, Allah (Almighty) despises injustice even against those who differ from Muslims in faith and religion. Allah (Almighty) commands Muslims to deal kindly and fairly with non-Muslim residents of an Islamic society.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah Al-Mumtahana (The Tested One) 60:8, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(Allah does not forbid you to be kind to those who did not fight you because of faith and did not drive you out of your homes, and to deal honestly with them; verily, Allah loves the righteous.)

Islam prohibits insulting the faith of non-Muslims because this provokes others to insult each other. Consequently, this will create hostility, hatred and resentment.

This is based on the Ajat in the Qur'an al-Karim Surah Al-An'am (The Cattle) 6:108, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And do not reproach those who call on them instead of Allah, lest they, out of resentment, reproach Allah without knowing. So We make every people's actions appear pleasing)

Instead, Allah (Almighty) instructs Muslims to choose fair and judicious language for such people.

This is based on the Ajat in the Quran al-Karim Sura Al-Imran (The House of Imran) 3:64, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(Say: "O People of the Book, come to an agreement between us and you, namely, that we will worship Allah alone and that we will not place anything besides Him, and that some of us will not take the others as lords other than Allah." And if they turn away, say: "Witness that we are devoted to (Him).")

Islam also banishes all social, political and spiritual corruption and mischief.

This has its basis in the Ajat in the Qur'an al-Karim Sura Al-A'raf (The Heights) 7:56, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And do not cause corruption on the earth after it has been established, and call on Him in fear and hope. Verily, Allah's mercy is near to those who do good deeds.)

Islam also despises using force to force non-Muslims to accept Islam. Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah Yunus 10:99, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And if your Lord had willed, all who are on earth would have believed. So do you want to force people to become believers?)

Of course, this is not to say that Muslims should not encourage others to embrace the monotheistic Islamic faith by sharing the message of Allah (Almighty) with people. Nevertheless, Muslims call to Islam in a wise, kind and good way to teach people about Islam. In reality, Islam has an international mission and is not limited to any particular country or people. Muslims are obliged to spread the message of monotheistic Islam to other people who are not Muslims, but they must never use force to force them to accept Islam. The true leadership lies in Allah's (Almighty) hands alone and not in the hands of men.

Islam commands people to run their government through consultation. In fact, counseling is one of the essential principles of Islam. Of course, this principle of advice works in situations characterized by the absence of other legal sources, Quran and Sunnah. The principle's task - and Allah (Almighty) knows best - is to make people feel the legal rights to which they are entitled in Islamic society.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah Ash-Shura (The Advice) 42:38, which can be translated in meaning as follows: (whose course of action is (a matter of) mutual consultation)

In fact, Allah (Almighty) emphasizes the importance of the consultation principle in Islamic society so that it becomes a model for the way of life.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Surah Al-'Imran (The House of Imran) 3:159, which can be translated in meaning as follows:
(And considering the mercy of Allah, you (O Muhammad) were gentle with them; but if you had been harsh and hard-hearted, they would have run away from you. Therefore forgive them and ask pardon for them and consult them in the matter; and if you are determined, then trust in Allah; for verily Allah loves those who trust in Him.)

Islam calls for respecting binding rights. Islam also calls for full justice among people.

Allah Almighty says in the Quran al-Karim Sura An-Nisa' (The Women) 4:58, which can be translated as follows:
(Allah commands you to return the goods entrusted to their owners; and when you judge between men, judge according to righteousness. What Allah exhorts you to do is truly fair. Allah is All-Hearing, All-Seeing.)

Islam commands people to support an oppressed person even through violence.

This has its basis in the Ayat from the Quran al-Karim Sura An-Nisa' (The Women) 4:75, which can be translated in terms of meaning as follows:
(And what is the matter with you, that you do not fight for the cause of Allah and for the cause of the weak - men, women and children - who say: "Our Lord, bring us out of this city whose inhabitants are unjust, and give us from You a protector, and give us from you a helper."?)

Recognizing that there are certain types of people, as previously mentioned, who would never be good unless pressure was exerted against them, Islam establishes an executive system or authority. Such a system ensures that all individuals in Islamic society receive their rights. Furthermore, this system will monitor and control the exercise of such rights and avoid any aggression in the Islamic society. Furthermore, this system has the right to impose appropriate punishments on aggressors and lawbreakers in the Islamic society.

The following is a summary of the various Islamic systems that constitute the components of the executive system: