Lesson nine

Lesson nine:
Warning against hypocrisy. (1\3)
Hypocrisy is the contradiction of external to the internal and it is of two types:
Major hypocrisy which withdraws from Islam.
And the Minor hypocrisy which does not withdraws from the Religion.
As for the Major hypocrisy, it means the manifestation of Islam and the concealment of infidelity.
Whereas the Minor hypocrisy means to have some hypocritical characters in a servant, which do not withdraw from Religion on its own, such as lying, breach of promise, and betrayal of trust, immorality in violence, and treachery of covenant. These characters have been called hypocrisy because of what it carries of deception and inconsistency between the external and the internal of a person.
The companions of major hypocrisy which withdraws from Religion are of two categories:
The first category: He who does not actually embraced Islam rather; he pretends to be a Muslim deceptively and tries to plot against Islam and its followers, in order to secure himself from being killed, or rebuked by Muslims, while he is internally a disbeliever in Allah and the last day.
Allah (the Exalted) said:
﴿وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يَقُولُ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَبِٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَمَا هُم بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٨ يُخَٰدِعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَمَا يَخۡدَعُونَ إِلَّآ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَمَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ٩﴾ [البقرة: 8-9].
Meaning: "And of the people are some who say, "We believe in Allah and the Last Day, "but they are not believers.
They [think to] deceive Allah and those who believe, but they deceive not except themselves and perceive [it] not Q2: V8-9.
And [Allah] (the Exalted) said:
﴿إِذَا جَآءَكَ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقُونَ قَالُواْ نَشۡهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُۥ وَٱللَّهُ يَشۡهَدُ إِنَّ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ لَكَٰذِبُونَ ١ ٱتَّخَذُوٓاْ أَيۡمَٰنَهُمۡ جُنَّةٗ فَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّهُمۡ سَآءَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٢﴾ [المنافقون: 1-2].
Meaning: "When the hypocrites come to you, [O Muhammad], they say, "We testify that you are the Messenger of Allah." And Allah knows that you are His Messenger, and Allah testifies that the hypocrites are liars. They have taken their oaths as a cover, so they averted [people] from the way of Allah. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing. Q63:V1-2
The second category: He who apostates after his submission to Islam by committing what violates Islam and withdraws from Religion although he pretends to be Muslim, and among them are those who may be detected with their infidelity and withdrawal from Religion, and among them are those who think they are doing well.
And there is too much of hesitation, waver and doubt in the companions of this category, they carry out some acts of Muslims and they fall into some acts of infidelity and denial.
Allah (the Exalted) said:
﴿إِنَّ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ يُخَٰدِعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَٰدِعُهُمۡ وَإِذَا قَامُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ قَامُواْ كُسَالَىٰ يُرَآءُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ وَلَا يَذۡكُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا ١٤٢ مُّذَبۡذَبِينَ بَيۡنَ ذَٰلِكَ لَآ إِلَىٰ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ وَلَآ إِلَىٰ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِۚ وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ سَبِيلٗا ١٤٣﴾ [النساء: 142-143].
Meaning: "Indeed, the hypocrites [think to] deceive Allah, but He is deceiving them. And when they stand for prayer, they stand lazily, showing [themselves to] the people and not remembering Allah except a little (142). Wavering between them, [belonging] neither to these [i.e, the believers] nor to those [i.e, the disbelievers]. And whoever Allah sends astray- never will you find for him a way (143). Q4:V142-143
And [Allah] (the Exalted) said:
﴿وَمَا مَنَعَهُمۡ أَن تُقۡبَلَ مِنۡهُمۡ نَفَقَٰتُهُمۡ إِلَّآ أَنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِۦ وَلَا يَأۡتُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ إِلَّا وَهُمۡ كُسَالَىٰ وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ إِلَّا وَهُمۡ كَٰرِهُونَ ٥٤﴾ [التوبة: 54].
Meaning:" And nothing prevents their contributions from being accepted from them except that they disbelieved in Allah and in His Messenger (Muhammad SAW); and that they came not to As- Salat (the prayer) except in a lazy state; and that they offer not contributions but unwillingly." Q9:V54
Thus, their falling into acts of disbelief in Allah and His Messenger prevents their deeds from being accepted, because Allah (the exalted) does not accept any deed from an unbeliever.
Furthermore, their laziness in going to prayer and hatred for giving out charity for the sake of Allah is an indication of their disbelief in the promise of Allah and that they are not looking forward to meeting Him.
The reason behind their shortage in remembering Allah is that they remember Allah with their tongues hypocritically and for the sake of riyaa [show off] while their hearts do not love the Religion of Allah (the exalted).
With that, they are offenders although they are not [exactly] as pagans outwardly and inwardly, and not believers outwardly and inwardly.
قال ابن كثير: «وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَعْتَرِيهِ الشَّكُّ، فَتَارَةً يَمِيلُ إِلَى هَؤُلَاءِ وَتَارَةً يَمِيلُ إِلَى أُولَئِكَ. ﴿كُلَّمَآ أَضَآءَ لَهُم مَّشَوۡاْ فِيهِ وَإِذَآ أَظۡلَمَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ قَامُواْ﴾ [البقرة: 20] الآیة».
Bin Kathir said: And among them is one, who is attacked by doubt, thus at times he inclined to these and at times to those like Allah said: " Whenever it lights [the way] for them, they walk therein, and when it darkens upon them they stand [still]. Q2: V2O.
Abdullah the son of Umar said: "I heard the Prophet (S.A.W) as saying:
«مَثَلُ الْمُنَافِقِ كَمَثَلِ الشَّاةِ الْعَائِرَةِ بَيْنَ الْغَنَمَيْنِ تَعِيرُ إِلَى هَذِهِ مَرَّةً وَإِلَى هَذِهِ مَرَّةً». [رواه مسلمٌ]
Meaning: "The similitude of a hypocrite is that of a sheep which roams aimlessly between two flocks. She goes to one at one time and to the other at another time.
وفي روايةٍ في مُسندِ الإمامِ أحمدَ: «تَعِيرُ إِلَى هَذِهِ مَرَّةً، وَإِلَى هَذِهِ مَرَّةً، لَا تَدْرِي أَهَذِهِ تَتْبَعُ، أَمْ هَذِهِ».
And in another narration as in Musnad of Imam Ahmad: "She goes to one at one time and to the other at another time. She does not know which one to follow, this or that.
Allah (the exalted) has explained in His Holy book and the Prophet (S.A.W) has explained in his authentic tradition the works of hypocrites, their characters, signs, punishments in the world and in the hereafter and the rulings concerning relationship with them and the necessity for a believer to be cautious of hypocrisy and hypocrites, because they are bitter enemies and the worst of them in danger. For Allah (the Exalted) has said concerning them:
﴿هُمُ ٱلۡعَدُوُّ فَٱحۡذَرۡهُمۡ﴾ [المنافقون: 4].
Meaning: "They are the enemies, so be cautious of them. Q63: V4.
Therefore, it is obligatory for a believer to be cautious of their deception and artifice, and he should beware of being deceived by what they decorates of the acts of infidelity, immorality and disobedience, and he should be cautious of imitating them in their behaviors, and appearing in their appearance.
Chapter: The hypocrites in these two categories differ in degree of hypocrisy, some of them are worse in their hypocrisy and infidelity than others. Thus, among them are those who are mutinous in hypocrisy and they are the worst in deception and in their enmity to Islam and Muslims. They await the misfortune of Muslims, strive towards creating trials among them, weakening them and broadening the affairs of pagans and their capability. That is why they spread rumors, fibs and disquieting news, exciting suspicions, decorating eroticism, spreading fornications, harming the Muslims in their bodies and their honors, in different foxy and contemptible ways, and constricting them in their worldly and religious affairs to the best of their ability. They drive [people] away from jihad for the sake of Allah and from commanding good deeds and prohibiting bad deeds, and they claim reformation in what they undergo of corruption and vitiation, while they describe the believers with foolishness, ignorance and unawareness.
And they drive (people) away from referring legislation to the Islamic law; they wish to offer legislation to taghut and they hate those who struggle in the cause of Allah, those who assist Islam and Muslim. The Prophet (S.A.W) said:
«آيَةُ الإيمَانِ حُبُّ الأَنصَارِ وَآيَةُ النِّفَاقِ بُغْضُ الأَنْصَارِ». [متفق علیه].
Meaning:" "Love for the Ansar (helpers)is a sign of faith and hatred for the Ansar (helpers) is a sign of hypocrisy." Reported by Bukhari and Muslim form the narration of Anas the son of Malik (may Allah be pleased with him)
This is because the Ansar had helped the religion. So, the hatred of whoever hates them is a sign of hypocrisy.
A general characteristic of the works of hypocrites is that, they enjoin what is wrong and forbid what is right and close their hands (i.e., they are stingy).
And among the signs of these people is that, when an adversity or tribulation befalls a Muslim, they are pleased and happy about it. But when they [are blessed with] good, victory and superiority, it grieves them.
That is why their major and the most attached character happen to be taking disbelievers as allies instead of believers, and they disclose the secrets of Muslims to them, they instigate them [disbelievers] to lunch war against them [believers] and to have domination over them, and they seek their assistance on that. Allah (the Exalted) said:
﴿بَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ بِأَنَّ لَهُمۡ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا ١٣٨ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّخِذُونَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ أَوۡلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۚ أَيَبۡتَغُونَ عِندَهُمُ ٱلۡعِزَّةَ فَإِنَّ ٱلۡعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعٗا ١٣٩ وَقَدۡ نَزَّلَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ أَنۡ إِذَا سَمِعۡتُمۡ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ يُكۡفَرُ بِهَا وَيُسۡتَهۡزَأُ بِهَا فَلَا تَقۡعُدُواْ مَعَهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يَخُوضُواْ فِي حَدِيثٍ غَيۡرِهِۦٓ إِنَّكُمۡ إِذٗا مِّثۡلُهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ جَامِعُ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ وَٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ فِي جَهَنَّمَ جَمِيعًا ١٤٠ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَرَبَّصُونَ بِكُمۡ فَإِن كَانَ لَكُمۡ فَتۡحٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ قَالُوٓاْ أَلَمۡ نَكُن مَّعَكُمۡ وَإِن كَانَ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ نَصِيبٞ قَالُوٓاْ أَلَمۡ نَسۡتَحۡوِذۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَنَمۡنَعۡكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۚ فَٱللَّهُ يَحۡكُمُ بَيۡنَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۗ وَلَن يَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ سَبِيلًا ١٤١﴾ [النساء:138-141].
Meaning: "Give tidings to the hypocrites that there is for them a painful punishment. (138)
Those who take disbelievers as allies instead of believers Do they seek with them honor [through power]? But indeed, honor belongs to Allah entirely (139).
And it has already been revealed to you in the book [i.e, the Qur'an] that when you hear the verses of Allah [recited], they are denied [by them] and ridiculed; so do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Indeed, you would then be like them. Indeed Allah will gather the hypocrites and disbelievers in Hell all together (140).
Those who wait [and watch] you. Then if you gain a victory from Allah, they say, "Were we not with you?" But if the disbelievers have a success, they say [to them], "Did we not gain the advantage over you, but we protected you from the believers? Allah will judge between you on the Day of Resurrection, and never will Allah give the disbelievers over the believers a way [to overcome them](141). Q4:V138- 141.
The afore mentioned deeds are of a category of hypocrites. Among them are those who fall into more than that and among them are those who fall into some of it, and whoever manifests Islam and commits that which withdraws from Islam, is then a hypocrite, [and a] pagan.
And among the hypocrites is one who wavers between Islam and paganism. Sometimes he does the deeds of Muslims externally and internally, and sometimes he does that which takes him out of Islam. Hence, he is indecisive. He did not purify his religion to Allah neither is his foot firmly established in Islam and he did not believe in the promise of Allah.
These are the people whose nature are exposed by tribulation, and disclose their nakedness and hypocrisy. They will be punished by a seal on their hearts, and with doubts, suspicion, and hesitation in their characters and actions. That is because, they know the truth and they refused to follow it, and Allah has admonished them but they did not accept His admonition and they did not follow His guidance. They do not have certainty in the truthfulness of the promise of Allah and His Messenger, and feign blindness, preference of this world to the hereafter and following self-desires have dominated their hearts from the guidance of Allah.
 Allah (the Exalted) said:
﴿ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ ءَامَنُواْ ثُمَّ كَفَرُواْ فَطُبِعَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يَفۡقَهُونَ ٣﴾ [المنافقون: 3].
That is because they believed, and then disbelieved; so their hearts were sealed over, and they do not understand. Q63: V3. And (the Exalted) said:
﴿إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ثُمَّ كَفَرُواْ ثُمَّ ءَامَنُواْ ثُمَّ كَفَرُواْ ثُمَّ ٱزۡدَادُواْ كُفۡرٗا لَّمۡ يَكُنِ ٱللَّهُ لِيَغۡفِرَ لَهُمۡ وَلَا لِيَهۡدِيَهُمۡ سَبِيلَۢا ١٣٧ بَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ بِأَنَّ لَهُمۡ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا ١٣٨﴾ [النساء:  137-138].
Meaning: "Indeed, those who believed and then disbelieved, then believed and then disbelieved, and then increase in disbelief – never will Allah forgive them, and nor will He guide them to a way (137).
Give tidings to the hypocrites that there is for them a painful punishment-(138) Q4: V37-38.
And the companions of this category among the hypocrites fall in to some acts of paganism, which withdraw from Religion, such as loyalty to pagans in times of trails and hardship, mockery of Religion, abusing Allah and His Messenger, disinclination from legislating the Laws [of Allah] and willingness to refer legislation to taghut, disbelieving in the promise of Allah and His Messenger, and similar things among actions, utterances and creeds, that withdraw its companion from the Religion of Islam.
A servant may become a disbeliever because of a word he utters as Allah (the Exalted) said regarding the hypocrites:
﴿يَحۡلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ مَا قَالُواْ وَلَقَدۡ قَالُواْ كَلِمَةَ ٱلۡكُفۡرِ وَكَفَرُواْ بَعۡدَ إِسۡلَٰمِهِمۡ﴾ [التوبة:74].
Meaning: "They swear by Allah that they did not say [anything against the Prophet (S.A.W)] while they had said the word of disbelief and disbelieved after their submission. Q9: V74.
So, these [people] have disbelieved by the word they uttered after they had become Muslims.
Huzaifah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "A person may utter a word in the period of the Prophet (S.A.W) and become a hypocrite, and indeed I hear it from one of you in one position four times. Verily, you must order good and forbid bad, and you must exhort in good things, otherwise Allah will exterminate you all with punishment, or he appoint over you the evil ones among you, then the pious ones among you will supplicate [to Allah] but you will not be answered. Reported by Ahmad, and Ibn Abi Shaibah.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet of Allah (S.A.W) said:
«إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْكَلِمَةِ مِنْ رِضْوَانِ اللهِ لاَ يُلْقِي لَهَا بَالاً يَرْفَعُ اللَّهُ بِهَا دَرَجَاتٍ وَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْكَلِمَةِ مِنْ سَخَطِ اللهِ لاَ يُلْقِي لَهَا بَالاً يَهْوِي بِهَا فِي جَهَنَّمَ» [رواه البخاريُّ].
Meaning:" A slave (of Allah) may utter a word which pleases Allah without giving it much importance, and because of that Allah will raise him to degrees (of reward) and a slave (of Allah) may utter a word (carelessly) which displeases Allah without thinking of its gravity and because of that he will be thrown into the Hell-Fire." Reported by Al- Bukhari.
Alqamah bin Waqqas Allithy narrated from Bilal bin Al-Hrith Al- Muzani (may Allah be pleased with Him) that verily the Messenger of Allah had said:
«إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْكَلِمَةِ مِنْ رِضْوَانِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، مَا يَظُنُّ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ مَا بَلَغَتْ، يَكْتُبُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَهُ بِهَا رِضْوَانَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْكَلِمَةِ مِنْ سَخَطِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، مَا يَظُنُّ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ مَا بَلَغَتْ، يَكْتُبُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهَا عَلَيْهِ سَخَطَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ». قَالَ: فَكَانَ عَلْقَمَةُ يَقُولُ: كَمْ مِنْ كَلَامٍ قَدْ مَنَعَنِيهِ حَدِيثُ بِلَالِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ.
Meaning: "Indeed, a person may utter a word which pleases Allah without expecting it to reach the extent it reaches, but because of it Allah will write for him His pleasure to the Day he will meet Him, and verily, a person may utter a word which displeases Allah without expecting it to reach the extent it reaches, but because of it Allah will write for him His anger to the Day he will meet Him. Reported by Malik in [his book] Al- Muwatta, and Ahmad in [his book] Musnad and he adds [on the narration of Malik] that Alqama normally says: How many words has the hadith of Bilal the son of Alharith stopped me from uttering?.
Albaihaki narrated on the authority of Muhammad bin Amr bin Alkamata bin Waqqas that he said: there was a jobless man who visits the emirs and makes them laugh, so my grandfather said to him: Woe to you O so-and-so, why do you visit these people and make them laugh? For I have heard Bilal the son of Alharith the Muzanian -companion of the prophet (S.A.W) – he then mentioned the hadith.
Thus, the danger of the tongue is great and the matter of speech is magnificent. He who considers his speech as part of his deeds will be cautious of his speech, and the sign of piety will be shown on him, because if a servant is careless in his speech while he is flimsy in Religion, he may not be safe from speaking the word which will necessitate the wrath of Allah and His abhorrence on him, or he may speak a word with which he will become a disbeliever, and withdrawn from the Religion of Islam. We seek refuge with Allah.
These issues frequently occur at periods of sedition, particularly in the last days [of the world], as [was reported] in the Sahih of Al-Bukhari and Muslim on the authority of Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (S.A.W) has indeed said:
«بَادِرُوا بِالأَعْمَالِ فِتَنًا كَقِطَعِ اللَّيْلِ الْمُظْلِمِ يُصْبِحُ الرَّجُلُ مُؤْمِنًا وَيُمْسِيْ كَافِرًا أَوْ يُمْسِيْ مُؤْمِنًا وَيُصْبِحُ كَافِرًا يَبِيعُ دِينَهُ بِعَرَضٍ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا».
Meaning:" Be prompt in doing good deeds (before you are overtaken) by turbulence which would be like a part of the dark night during that stormy period. A man would be a Muslim in the morning and an unbeliever in the evening or he would be a believer in the evening and an unbeliever in the morning, and would sell his faith for worldly goods.
We seek from Allah safety and protection  from the causes of His wrath and His abhorrence.
That was why the fear of the companions of the Prophet (S.A.W) and their subsequent followers from falling in any of the acts of hypocrites became intensified.
Bukahri has said in his [book] Assahih:
Ibnu Abi Mulaika has said: I met thirty from the companions of the prophet (S.A.W) each one of them was afraid of being among the hypocrites, none of them said that he was on a degree of faith as that of [angel] Gabriel and [angel] Mika'il.
And it is reported that Alhasan usually say: no one fears it [i.e, hypocrisy] except a believer and no one feels safe from it except a hypocrite.
Zaid bin Wahab said:" a man among the hypocrites died, so Huzaifa did not pray on [his] corpse, so Umar said to him, is he among the people? [i.e, hypocrites] he said: yes. Umar then said to him: please am I among them? He said: no, and I will never inform anyone of it after you. Reported by Ibn Abi Shaibah.
Huzaifa ibnul Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him) has been informed secretly of the names of the hypocrites by the Prophet (S.A.W). Thus, he is the most knowledgeable of this nation concerning the characters of hypocrites, their rules and hypocritical acts. The companions of the Prophet (S.A.W) know his position in that respect, because of that Umar normally observe him when a funeral is forwarded, if he does not see Huzaifa [among those who come to] pray on the copes he does not pray on it, and he deputizes one to pray on it so that he may not disclose the secrete of the Prophet (S.A.W)