The Pilgrim’s Provision

The Pilgrim’s Provision

Muhammad Saalih Al-Munajjid

www.zadgroup.net

=============

The Pilgrim’s Provision

Publisher’s statement

Hajj to the Sacred House of Allaah is one of the pillars of Islaam and one of its most important fundamentals, because the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said: “Islaam is built on fve [pillars]: the testimony that there is no god worthy of worship but Allaah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah, establishing regular prayer, paying Zakaah, fasting Ramadhaan and performing pilgrimage to the sacred House of Allaah.”

It is obligatory according to the Book of Allaah and the Sunnah of His Messenger, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, and according to the consensus of the Muslims. The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said: “Allaah has enjoined the Hajj upon you, so perform Hajj.” And the Muslims are unanimously agreed upon that. It is something that no Muslim has any excuse for not knowing. Whoever denies that it is obligatory and he is one of those who live among the Muslims, is a disbeliever. A person who fails to do it out of negligence is in grave danger, because some of the scholars said that such a personis a disbeliever. This view is narrated in one report
6
from Ahmad, but the correct view is that neglecting deeds does not make a person disbeliever except in the case of prayer. ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Shaqeeq, may Allaah have mercy on him, – who was one of the Taabi’een (the generation after that of the companions) said: “The Companions of the Messenger of Allaah, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, did not regard omitting any action as Kufr (disbelief) except prayer.” The one who neglects to do Hajj until he dies is not a disbeliever according to the correct view, but he is in grave danger.

The Muslim has to fear Allaah and hasten to perform Hajj once he meets the conditions of it being obligatory, because we must hasten to perform all obligatory duties unless there is evidence to the contrary. How can a Muslim accept to forsake going to Hajj to the Sacred House of Allaah when he is able to do it and it is easy for him to get there? How can he delay it when he does not know whether he will be able to get there after this year? He may become unable to go after he was able, or he may become poor after being rich, or he may die when Hajj was obligatory for him, then his heirs may neglect to make it up on his behalf.

Muslims must realize that Hajj is one of the best acts of worship. It is one of the pillars of Islaam with which Allaah sent Muhammad, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, and without which a person’s religious commitment is incomplete.
7
Worship cannot bring a person closer to Allaah and  cannot be accepted unless it has sincerity towards Allaah alone, i.e., it is done to seek the Countenance of Allaah and the Hereafter, and is not done to show off, to enhance one’s reputation or for worldly gain and following the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. Hence the one who wants to worship Allaah by doing any act of worship – Hajj or anything else– has to learn the teachings of the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, concerning it, so that his actions will be in accordance with the Sunnah.
9

Table of contents

Introduction 11

The Talbiyah and Takbeer 13

The virtues of Hajj 17

The conditions that make Hajj an obligation 23

Preparing for Hajj 36

Ihraam and its rulings 40

Meeqaats 58

The pillars and obligations of Hajj 60

The day of Tarwiyah 62

The Day of ‘Arafah 65

The Night of Muzdalifah 75

The day of Sacrifce 83

The days and nights of Tashreeq in Mina 96

Stoning the Jamaraat (pillars) 102

The Hady, sacrifce and ransom 110

Farewell Tawaaf 114

A variety of rulings/matters 118

The end of Hajj 125

Introduction
All praise is due to Allaah, Lord of the worlds, and may His prayers and blessings be upon His trustworthy Prophet and all his family and Companions.

To proceed:
Seeking knowledge is a form of fearing Allaah. Seeking knowledge for the sake of Allaah is a form of worship and studying it is a form of praise. Searching knowledge is a Jihaad (struggle), teaching it to others is charity and conveying it to competent people is a form of worship. It is the beacon for those on their way to Paradise. It is what keeps you company when you are desolate and it is your companion when away from home. It talks to you when you are alone and it is the indication of prosperity and adversity.

It is a weapon against enemies and an adornment for when you are with your intimate friends. Through knowledge, a slave can reach the rank of the righteous ones and the highest ranks in this life and the Hereafter. Through knowledge, the bonds of kinship are maintained and through knowledge the permissible is differentiated from the forbidden. It is the
12
precursor of actions and actions follow it. The joyful ones are inspired with knowledge and the wretched ones are deprived of knowledge.

We ask Allaah to make us one of those who acquire knowledge and convey it to others, making it a ceaseless charity by spreading the knowledge of the Qur’aan and Sunnah. The booklet you have in your hands is a benefcial summarized pamphlet on Hajj (pilgrimage).

It covers the virtue of Hajj, its rulings and what occurs during Hajj. It is from the app Jawwaal Zaad and we have now published it as requested by a number of brothers and sisters. May it be of beneft to us all on the day of -udJment and may Allaah reward us for it on the day of Resurrection. May Allaah guide us to the right path.
13
The Talbiyah and Takbeer Allaah Says:
((واذكروا الله في أيام معدودات)).
«And remember Allaah during [specifc] numbered days» [Qur’aan 2: 203]. Takbeer is a Sunnah durinJ the frst ten da\s of Thul-Hijjah.

Allaah Says:
((ليشهدوا منافع لهم ويذكروا الله في أيام معلومات على ما رزقهم من بهيمة الأنعام)).
«That they may witness [i.e. attend] benefts for themselves and mention the name of Allaah on known [i.e. specifc] days over what He has provided for them of
[sacrifcial] animals» [Qur’aan 22: 28].

The one who intends to perform Hajj must continue unrestrictedTakbeer at all times and conditions during these ten days until he enters the state of Ihraam(the intention to start performing the rituals of Hajj or ‘Umrah) for Hajj. When he is in the state of Ihraam he must start chanting the Talbiyah and continue to chant it until he throws pebbles at Jamrat
14
Al-‘Aqabah. Then he goes back to the unrestricted Takbeer again and the restricted Takbeer after prayers commencing from after Thuhr (noon) prayer on the tenth day at Mina.

The unrestricted Takbeer:
It is Sunnah for the 0uslim  on the frst ten days of Thul-Hijjah to frequently remember Allaah and this includes the unrestricted Takbeer. It should be recited at all times and situations without restriction: Allaahu Akbar Allaahu Akbar, la ilaaha illallaah, wa Allaahu Akbar, Allaahu Akbar wa lillaahilhamd” Allaah is Great, Allaah is Great, there is no god worthy of worship but Allaah, Allaah is Great, Allaah  is Great to Him belongs all Praise). The Muslim must also make the most of his time by performing acts of worship, as Allaah bestows His mercy upon us and when we are included in that mercy we join the joyful ones and are saYed from + ellfre.

“Labbayk Allaahumma labbayk”
(Here I am at your service O Allaah, here I am!):
The Talbiyah is the response of Ibraaheem (Abraham), may Allaah exalt his mention, when he was called upon by Allaah the Almighty. It is a commitment to the continuity of obedience to Allaah and it includes love and sincerity, humility and submission.

Also, it is a form of praising Allaah with the most perfect attributes and beautiful praise. It acknowledges the expanse of His blessings and His complete
15
sovereignty. It is adeclaration of the oneness of Allaah which is the soul of Hajj and its purpose and anthem. Whenever the pilgrim goes from one ritual to another, he must say, “Labbayk Allaahumma labbayk”(Here I am at your service O Allaah, here I am).

The virtue of Talbiyah
If the pilgrim’s heart is with Allaah, he won’t be distracted by the busy crowds and roads, or people’s chatter from chanting the Talbiyah and the virtue that has been mentioned about it, the Prophet, sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam said: “There is no Muslim who chants the Talbiyah, except that everything on his right or left, will chant the Talbiyah in turn, be it a tree, or a stone, on the whole earth from the east to the west.”1 It will be chanted by everything on his right and his left, especially when he ascends or descends somewhere. The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam also said: “Jibreel [Gabriel] ordered me to raise the voice with Ihlaal [Talbiyah] as it is one of the signs of Hajj.”2

The best acts of Hajj
The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,said:
“The best acts of Hajj are ‘Ajj and Thajj.”3‘Ajj is to
1 Reported by Ibn Maajah (2921) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic.
2 Reported by Al-Haakim (1654) and he ruled it as authenticand
by AlBayhaqi in his book Manaasik Al-Hajj Al-Bayhaqi (9280).
3 Reported by At-Tirmithi (827) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authenticin his book Saheeh At-Tirmithi.
16
raise the voice when chanting the Talbiyah and Thajj is slauJhterinJ the sacrifce. ,t is Sunnah for men to raise their voice while chanting the Talbiyah, but women should chant it only loud enough for their companion (someone beside them) to hear. It is more stressed to raise the voice with Talbiyah publicly when getting into the car, when ascending to somewhere high, or when descending a slope. The one performing Umrah should discontinue the Talbiyah when starting Tawaaf (circumambulating the Ka’bah) and the pilgrim should stop before throwing pebbles at Jamrat Al-‘Aqabah.
17
The virtues of Hajj
The reward of the pilgrim:
There are glad tidings for the one who intends to perform Hajj as the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: As for you leaving your home with the intention of Hajj then your she-camel does not place its foot nor does it raise it except that Allaah writes for you a reward due to it, and wipes off one of your sins.”1You are under Allaah’s security and protection and you are expiating your sins, warding off poverty from yourself. Paradise is the reward for your accepted Hajj and you are one of Allaah’s delegation, whom He called and they responded.

They requested from Allaah so He bestowed upon them what they asked for, as many authentic Hadeeths have cited.2

Hajj Mabroor (Accepted pilgrimage):
The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said:
1 Reported by ‘Abdur-Razzaaq (8830) and Al-Albaani ruled it as sound (Hasan).

2 One must always say by the Will of Allaah, and this cannot be said for one who merely makes the intention of performing Hajj, until the act is carried out which results in reward.
18
“There is no reward for Hajj Mabroor [accepted Hajj] except Paradise.”1

Some of the meanings  of Hajj Mabroor include:
Sincere devotion to Allaah with no wish to be praised nor to receive anything in this life.

‡ It is performed according to the Sunnah (theProphet’s way and tradition).

‡ It should be from Halaal (lawful and pure) earnings, as Allaah is pure and only accepts what is pure.

‡ It should be free from all sins, sexual relations and dispute.

Ibn Rajab, may Allaah have mercy on him, said:
“It is the (Hajj) that includes righteous acts and the avoidanceof sins.” Al-Hasan Al-Basri, may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “Hajj Mabroor is to return  (home) with abstention from this life and a desire for the afterlife.”

Acts of righteousness during Hajj
the body that are required to be covered), not revealing the faults of other Muslims, and offering them[b]food and drink are all moral and righteous acts.[/b]

Lowering your gaze, covering the ‘Awrah (parts of

He has equal reward:
Whoever aids another Muslim to perform Hajj,1 Reported by Al-Bukhaari (1773) and Muslim (1349).

19
Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: “He whoprepares a Ghaazi [Islaamic warrior], is given a reward [b]equal to that of a Ghaazi.”1[/b] will receive reward equal to that person’s, as the

Some of the benefts of Hajj
Hajj exhibits servitude to Allaah and gratitude for His blessings. It educates us in surrendering and submitting to Allaah and returning to Him. It opens the door to hope as the pilgrim returns free of sin just like the day he was born. It also educates us to avoid what Allaah has forbidden and accustoms usto organization.

 It is a general assembly of people and also a sign of unity. All people are equal, dressed the same with the same actions and anthem, “Labbayk Allaahumma labbayk, labbayka la shareeka laka labbayk, inna al-hamda at Your service O Allaah, here I am. Here I am at Yourservice, You have no partner, here I am at Your ser-[b]1  on him, in his book Fataawa Al-Haram Al-Makki (3/56). Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy[/b] wan-ni’mata laka wa al-mulk la shareeka lak.” (Here I am

It is more appropriate to say:
“He who prepares a Muslim for Hajj is given the same reward as the pilgrim.” What Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him, said conveys the same meaning, as he said: If someone wants the reward of Hajj, he should help another Muslim to perform Hajj.

This is by paying for someone to perform Hajj as:
“He who prepares a Ghaazi [Islamic Warrior], is given a reward equal to that of a Ghaazi” and the one who  prepares a pilgrim is given the same reward as the pilgrim.”

As for helping it can be with a small or large amount, so if someone gives the pilgrim one hundred dirhams he has helped him. If he pays for the expenses of traveling he has also helped him, however, he will not receive the same reward as the pilgrim unless heprepares him completely vice. For You alone is All Praise and All Grace, and forYou alone is The Sovereignty. You have no partner.)

A practical lesson on submission to Allaah

Hajj is an education concerning submission to Allaah at that period of time, within the boundaries of its location, its rituals, their form, number, location, and their order. For instance, if someone stands outside the borders of ‘Arafah his Hajj is invalid and if someone were to pass the Meeqaat this is the specifc place wherecertain people enter the state of Ihraam) without making the intention of performing Hajj he must offer a sacrifce. ,f someone were to throw pebbles at somewhere other than Al Jamrah it would be invalid, and if he were to intentionally increase the number of rounds (around the Ka’bah) or size of the stones, he has crossed the borders. The successful person is the one who benefts from Hajj by surrendering to the rulings of Allaah the Almighty and complying with them joyfully.

The main purpose of Hajj:
It aims to educate the slave in favoring Allaah’s rituals and His sacred things by honoring and loving them and avoiding their violation.1 Allaah Says after1 This phrase is in need of further explanation, as it is not feasible to join between loving Allaah’s sacred ordinances and favoring them and the avoidance of violating them.

Because the one who avoids violating Allaah’s sacred things is required to honor and glorify them but not love them or favor them.
21
mentioning the rulings concerning Hajj:
(ذلك ومَن يُعظّم حُرمات الله فهو خيرٌ له عند ربه)
«That [has been commanded], and whoever honors the sacred ordinances of Allaah — it is best for him in the sight of his Lord.» [Qur’aan 22: 30]

The educator must seek to instill this in the pilgrims, and the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said during his Hajj: “Take [learn] your ritual acts from me.”1 Ibn Al-Qayyim may Allaah have mercy on him said: “The soul of worship is honor and love.”

Going against the polytheists:
They would chant (a Talbiyah) of Shirk (associating partners with Allaah) and so the prophet’s Talbiyah was Tawheed (the oneness of Allaah).

• Quraysh did not cross Muzdalifah, so the prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam crossed to ‘Arafah.

‡ They would leave ‘Arafah before sunset, so the prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam left after sunset.

‡ They would leave Muzdalifah after sunrise so he left before then.

The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, announced this principle by saying: “Everything from
1 Reported by Al-Bayhaqi (9796) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic.
22
the time of Jaahiliyyah is trampled under my feet [i.e. cancelled].”1 Ibn Al-Qayyim, may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “The Sharee’ah (Islaamic law) has settled on the intention of going against the polytheists, especially concerning ritual acts.”
1 Reported by Muslim (3009).
23
The conditions that make Hajj an obligation The Hajj of the one who is in debt:
‡ The Hajj of one who is presently in debt is valid but he has committed a sin.1

• Hajj is not obligatory upon someone in debt who is unable to discharge it. If he is able to pay it back by selling what he is not in need of, it is obligatory to settle the debt and then perform Hajj.

‡ 'ebts include what is considered Allaah•s riJht such as alms, or an expiation that one has yet to pay. Or it can be another person’s right such as a loan, the cost of a sold item or lease. Whether this debt is from a relative or stranger, a company or state.

‡ The debt of installments: If the person has discharged the present installments and intends to1 What is the evidence that proves it is a sin?

If he seeks permission from the creditor who excuses him and extends the  duration, then there is no wrongdoing.

This situation will be further explained on page.
24
discharge the remaining installments at the appointed time, or is given a trust, he can perform Hajj.

‡ It is permissible for the one in debt to perform Hajj on behalf of someone and he can perform Hajj at the expense of another person or in return for working for the Hajj campaign if it does not prevent him from earning money to discharge a part of his debt.

‡ Be aware that a riyal/penny that you spend in discharging your debt is better than spending ten riyals on Hajj.1

Taking money from others to perform Hajj:
‡ The Hajj of one who performs itat the expense of another person is valid even if it is the obligatory Hajj.

‡ One is not required to accept an offer of money to pay for Hajj if it is given with contempt.

‡ It is disliked for the one who is unable to pay for Hajj to beg others (humiliating himself) to obtain the money to perform an act of worship that is he is not obligated to do.

‡ The one who is truly eager to perform Hajj but is unable to, is rewarded according to his sincerity and intention.
1 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him.
25
When is it recommended to perform Hajj on behalf of someone?
It is not recommended for a man to accept money to perform Hajj on behalf of someone except for two kinds of men:
‡ A man who loves Hajj and wishesto witness the rituals of Hajj but is unable to. In this case a man can take money from the brother to perform Hajj on his behalf.

‡ A man who wishes to clear the burden of Hajj from a dead person, either due to his relation to him or out of his mercy for his believing brothers. In this case he can take suffcient mone to perform Hajj. It is recommended to accept the money to pay for the expenses of Hajj and not to perform Hajj to take the money.1

Performing Hajj on behalf of someone:
‡ When someone dies before performing Hajj or ‘Umrah when the conditions of obligation were fulflled  then somebody can perform Hajj for him with his money.

‡ When someone has a chronic illness, it is permissible for someone to perform obligatoryHajj for him with his permission.

‡ Someone who has an acute illness, should
1 Reported by Ibn Taymiyyah in his book Fataawa Ibn Taymiyyah (19/26).
26
not have someone perform Hajj on his behalf, instead he should wait until he has recovered.

‡ When someone is physically healthy but does not haYe the fnancial means to perform Hajj, then it is not permissible for someone to performHajj on his behal.

‡ The one who performs Hajj At-Tamattu’ (entering Ihraam for ‘Umrah then leaving it and entering Ihraam for Hajj) can intend his Hajj for himself and his ‘Umrah for someone else or vice versa, if he has already performed the obligatory Hajj/’Umrah.1

‡ If someone wishes to perform Hajj on behalf of his parents, it is not permissible for him to make the intention for both parents in one Hajj, instead he should start with his mother and then his father due to her greater right.

‡ It is permissible for the one who performs Hajj on behalf of someone to perform ‘Umrah for himself after Hajj.2

The conditions concerning one who performs Hajj on behalf of someone:
‡ The person must have already performed Hajj for himself.
1 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him.
2 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
27
‡ A man can perform Hajj on behalf of a woman and vice versa.

‡ It is permissible for the person to take money to perform Hajj on behalf of someone else, even if it is more than needed, except if the other person makes the condition of returning the extra money.

‡ The personwho does it purely for the money, will not be rewarded by Allaah. However the person who wishes to witness the rituals of Hajj and wishes to beneft his brother b\ performinJ Hajj on his behalf will be given the same reward as the pilgrim.1

‡ It is not permissible for the one who is able to perform Hajj himself to appoint somebody to do it on his behalf when it is the obligatory Hajj.

This is unanimously agreed upon by scholars. It is also not permissible to appoint someone to do Hajj on his behalf for optional Hajj as it is an act of worship and there is no proof on this matter.2 The one performing Hajj on behalf of someone should not make the intention of being paid, instead he should make the intention of utilizing the money to aid him in performing Hajj and fulfllinJ the need of his brother in order to purify his intention.3
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
2 Reported by the Lajnah Daa’imah.
3 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him.
28
Seeking the permission of parents:
Parents cannot prevent their children from performing the obligatory Hajj and a child cannot leaveHajj for that reason.

The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“There is no obedience to the creation in disobedience to the Creator.”1 The child should try to convince his parents in a kind and gentle manner and explain to them that it is forbidden to leave out performing Hajj when he is able to. As for voluntary Hajj, the parents can prevent their child from doing it and he must obey them. However if he has entered the state of Ihraam and made the intention of Hajj then they cannot prevent him as it is obligatoryupon the person to complete it.

Allaah Says:
(وأتموا الحج والعمرة لله).
«And complete the Hajj and ‘Umrah for Allaah» [Qur’aan 2: 196].

The Hajj of a child:
‡The child gains reward for his Hajj but it does not compensate for the obligatory Hajj. The Wali (guardian) is also rewarded for aiding him
in performing it.

‡ If the child is mature, his Wali can order him to enter Ihraam (making the intention of performing Hajj/’Umrah) and the remaining rituals and
1 Reported by Ahmad (1095) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic.
29
when it is time to throw pebbles he can do it if the child can’t do it himself.

‡ If the child is immature, the Wali can make the intention for his child and circumambulate the Ka’bah and perform the ritual walking between Safa and Marwah with him.

‡ It is better not to perform Hajj with a young child nowadays due to the busy crowds, trouble and preoccupation that comes with it.1

Conditions that excuse women
The Muslim woman who has yet to perform Hajj should hasten to perform the obligatory Hajj, in compliance with, Allaah Says:
(ولله على الناس حج البيت لمن استطاع سبيلاً).
«And [due] to Allaah from the people is a pilgrimage to the House-for whoever is able to fnd thereto a way.» [Qur’aan 3: 97]

Some excuses for a woman are:
‡If she does not have a Mahram (the man a woman cannot marry at any time in her life).

‡ If she cannot pay for the expenses of Hajj for her and her Mahram.

‡ If there is something preventing her such as an illness or pregnancy if she fears for her child.
1 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him.
30
‡ If she has young children to look after and there is nobody she trusts to care for them.

‡ Her husband preventing her is not an excuse as Allaah•s riJht comes frst  onl\ if she fears diYorce.

‡ If she is in the mourning period for her dead husband.

If a woman has previously performed the obligatory Hajj is it permissible for her to perform it again?

‡ If her previous Hajj was before puberty then she is obligated to repeat it.

‡ If she performed Hajj before becoming steadfast in religion but she performed her prayers, then the Hajj is valid and she does not have to repeat it.

‡ If she did not perform the obligatory prayers at the time then she must repeat Hajj.

‡ ,f she thinks there was a defciency in carryinJ out the rituals of the obligatory Hajj then she does not have to repeat it as long as she carried out all the pillars of Hajj.

‡ Performing a voluntary Hajj compensates for the defciencies of the obliJatory Hajj.

The Hajj of a woman in the ‘Iddah (the waiting period):
‡ It is not permissible for a woman in the waiting period after the death of her husband to go to Hajj even if it is the obligatory Hajj.
31
‡ If her husband dies while she is on the way to Hajj it is fne for her to complete her Hajj and then return to complete her waiting period in her home.1

‡ If her husband dies after she has entered the state of Ihraam (made the intention of Hajj) she must complete it.

‡ As for the woman who is in the waiting period after divorce: If it is irrevocable divorce then it is permissible for her to perform Hajj. As for revocable divorce then she cannot perform Hajj without her husband’s permission if it is voluntary Hajj.2

The Hajj of one’s wife and children:
A husband cannot prevent his wife from performing her obligatory Hajj if she is able to when there is no harm for a child in her womb or her nursing 1 This phrase is not accurate. It has been reported in the book Al-Mughni (8/167): “If she goes out (to Hajj) and her husband dies while she is on the way, she must return if she is close as she is still under the ruling of residence.

But if she has traveled a long distance she must continue.”

2 Reported by Ibn Qudaamah, may Allaah have mercy on him, in his book Al-Mughni.His saying: “If it is voluntary Hajj” needs to be considered. What Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him, says is the (approved opinion):
“The woman in the waiting period after revocable divorce has the ruling of the wife; she cannot travel without her husband’s permission. It is fne if he fnds it in her interest to permit her to perform Hajj with a Mahram of hers. As for irrevocable divorce, the woman must stay in her house, however she can perform Hajj if her husband agrees to it as he has the right (in her waiting period).

So if he permits  it then it is fne for her to go to Hajj.”
Fataawa Noor ‘ala Ad-Darb (2/19).
32
child and if she has a Mahram. Also, parents cannot prevent their accountable and capable son from performing obligatory Hajj, as obeying Allaah comes before obeying parents. Parents should encourage their children to perform obligatory worship. If the father covers the expenses of Hajj for his son, then he is obliged to perform Hajj.

A woman’s Mahram (the man a woman cannot marry):
A wife should seek permission from her husband to perform voluntary Hajj and she must be accompanied by a Muslim, accountable, sane Mahram. Also the expenses of Hajj must be covered by her unless he volunteers to pay. Husbands and Walis should have the intention of JaininJ reward when it comes to financial expenses, enabling women to perform Hajj.

Treating women honorably:
‡ The one who is commanded to perform Hajj is the wife and if she is able to pay for the expenses she should go to Hajj but if not then she does not have to.

‡ The husband is not obliged to pay for the expenses of his wife’s Hajj, as it is does not come under the obligatory Nafaqah (providing the necessities of life).

‡ It is from a husband’s generosity and chivalry to take on the burden of paying for his wife’s Hajj if he is able to.
33
‡ It leads to strengthening the bonds of intimacy and love.

‡ The husband will gain reward from Allaah and is following the example of the Prophet,sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,and his generosity with his wives concerning Hajjetc.

The obligations of a woman during her menses:
Menses do not prevent a woman from Hajj, and these are the obligations of a woman during her menses:
‡ She must make the intention of Hajj (Ihraam) at the Meeqaat  specifc place where Ihraam is made) and it is not permissible to delay this until after she is pure.

‡ She must carry out all the ritual acts of Hajj, such as standing at ‘Arafah and staying the night at Muzdalifah and Mina.

‡ She cannot circumambulate the Ka’bah or do the ritual walking between Safa and Marwah until she is pure and has bathed.

‡ If she gets her menses after she completes circumambulation of the Ka’bah it is permissible for her to do the ritual walking between Safa and Marwah, as being pure is not one of the conditions.

‡ The woman who performs Hajj At-Tamattu’ (performing ‘Umrah and then Hajj, with a dif-
34
ferent Ihraam for each) and is pure from menses before ‘Arafah and is able to complete ‘Umrah, should complete it and then make the intention (Ihraam) for Hajj.

‡ If a woman is not pure from menses before ‘Arafah, she should make the intention of Hajj (Ihraam) from her location and her Hajj becomes Hajj Al-Qiraan (entering into Ihraam for both Hajj and ‘Umrah at the same time). When she is pure from menses she should do one circumambulation of the Ka’bah and one ritual walk between Safa and Marwah for both Hajj and ‘Umrah.

‡ If it is necessary for a woman to travel before performing Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah (circumambulating the Ka’bah after throwing pebbles at the Jamaraat) then she must remain in the state of Ihraam and she must return to perform the Tawaaf.

‡ It is better for a woman to hasten to perform Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah on the day of sacrifce in case she gets her menses.

‡ Farewell Tawaaf is not performed by the woman on her menses (it is not an obligation upon her).

Some rulings concerning women during Hajj:
‡ Women do not have a certain garment to wear in the state of Ihraam, but they cannot wear the Niqaab (face veil) or gloves.
35
‡ She should not raise her voice when chanting the Talbiyah around non-Mahram men.

‡ She doesn’t shave her head instead she should cut off the size of a fnJertip of hair.

‡ She doesn’t have to kiss the Black Stone due to the crowds of people, instead she should point to it.

‡ She does not perform the arrival Tawaaf nor the farewell Tawaaf if she is on her menses.

‡ She should not hasten in Tawaaf or run between Safa and Marwah. Ibn Al-Munthir may Allaah have mercy on him said: “Scholars have unanimously
agreed that women do not walk hastily around the Ka’bahnor between Safa and Marwah.
36
Preparing for Hajj
The trip to Hajj is a reminder:
‡ The pilgrim is reminded of his departure to the afterlife by his traveling.

‡ By bidding farewell to his family, he is reminded of his departing from this life and parting with his loved ones and things.

‡ By taking his provisions, he is reminded of the provision of piety.

‡ Through the weariness of traveling he is reminded of the agonies of death, and the terrors of the JraYe  the JatherinJ on the day of -udJment and the day of -udJment.

The requirements of a pilgrim before traveling:
‡ Repentance from sins, as they prevent one from acquiring all types of goodness.

‡ 'ischarJinJ debts or seekinJ permission from their owners.

‡ Striving to return people’s lawful rights and apologizing to those you have wronged.
37
‡ Writing a will declaring your rights and duties towards others.

‡ Ensuring his family’s expenditures while he is away.

‡ Learning the rulings and etiquette of Hajj by attending lectures, and reading books and brochures.

‡ Striving to earn Halaal (lawful) earnings as Allaah is pure and accepts only what is pure.

‡ Completing any duties that may occupy him, to devote his time to performing the rituals.

‡ Keeping contact numbers of scholars for enquiries.

‡ Making the effort to search for a righteous companion and a Hajj group that follows the Sunnah.

‡ Putting money aside for emergencies and charity.

Allaah Says:
(الحج أشهر معلومات فمَنْ فرض فيهنَّ الحج فلا رفث ولا فُسوق ولا جدال في الحج وما تفعلوا من خير يعلمه الله وتزودوا فإن خير الزاد التقوى واتقون يا أولي الألباب)
«Hajj is [during] well-known months, so whoever has made hajj obligatory upon himself therein [by entering the state of Ihraam], there is [to be for him] no sexual relations and no disobedience and no disputing during Hajj.
38
And whatever good you do-Allaah knows it.

And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision is fear of Allaah. And fear Me, O you of understanding.» [Qur’aan 2: 197]

Clearing one’s obligations/duties:

For the pilgrim to ensure that his worship is sound and accepted, he should ask about matters that may have happened to him before that could affect the

soundness or validity of his Hajj. These are some of the benefts of hasteninJ to ask about these matters

1. Proceeding to clear obligations and to complete Hajj, free from complications.

2. The ability to recollect the details that may affect a religious verdict.

3. The ability to rectify some rituals by repeating them or replacing them.

4. Being free from Satan’s whispers saying yourHajj is defcient or incomplete.

Completing the recital of Qur’aan during Hajj:

Ibraaheem An-Nakh’i, may Allaah have mercy on him, said about the Salaf’s condition during Hajj: “When they came to Makkah they wished to not leave it until they had completed reciting the whole Qur’aan.” So if you read one Juz’ from the Qur’aan after each prayer of the fYe prayers durinJ the si this sums up to thirty Juz’ and the pilgrim would have

39

completed the Qur’aan. So hasten to seize the opportunity in these great days as they pass by rapidly.

40

Ihraam and its rulings

Completing Hajj and ‘Umrah:

Allaah Says:

(وأتموا الحج والعمرة لله).

«And complete the Hajj and ‘Umrah for Allaah.» [Qur’aan 2: 196]

Perform them according to the conditions, pillars and duties. When you enter the state of Ihraam for Hajj and ‘Umrah, you must complete it.It is not permissible to discontinue even if it is a voluntary Hajj or ‘Umrah. It is not permissible for the pilgrim to appoint someone to carry out the rituals on his behalf except for throwing the pebbles if he has an excuse.1

You must also be sure of your booked return date to complete Hajj.

The one who makes Ihraam for Hajj:

‡ The one who begins to pray or fast voluntarily can discontinue if necessary.

1 ,t is also permissible for someone to slauJhter the sacrifce on behalf of the pilgrim.

41

‡ It is not permissible for the one who begins a voluntary Hajj or ‘Umrah to discontinue it before completing it, as Allaah Says:

(وأتموا الحج والعمرة لله).

«And complete the Hajj and ‘Umrah for Allaah.» [Qur’aan 2: 196].

‡'iscontinuinJ before completinJ  is inYalid and the person must return to complete the rituals as he is still in the state of Ihraam.

‡ It is permissible to discontinue when one makes the condition of discontinuing, when entering the state of Ihraam, if there is an excuse to do so such as illness etc.

What is recommended for the one in the state of Ihraam:

It is recommended for men to enter the state of Ihraamwearing two clean white pieces of cloth on the upper and lower body, even if they are pre-used.

It is fne to eer cloth for the bottom and vice versa. ,t is also fne to wear it with a belt or safety pins … etc. However, it should not be made into a tailored garment such as a shirt. Also, make sure that it is a heavy fabric that covers the private parts and is not transparent, protecting the person from the cold.

The wisdom behind avoiding sewn clothes:

There are reasons behind the avoidance of sewn garments during Hajj and ‘Umrah, including:

‡ A reminder of the condition of people on the

42

day of resurrection as they will be resurrected barefoot and naked then they will clothed.

‡ Submission of the soul and making it sense the obligation of humility and purifying it from the ailment of arrogance.

‡ Making the soul sense the concept of austerity and removing it from self-indulgence.

‡ It is a consolation for the poor and needy.

Preparing for Ihraam:

The pilgrim prepares himself at home by shaving hair from the body, trimming nails and bathing. It is fne to wear the white Jarment especiall\ for the one

traveling by plane who crosses the Meeqaat in the air.

It is also obligatory to make the intention in the heart at the Meeqaat and then to chant the Talbiyah. Menses do not prevent a woman from entering the state of Ihraam, and she should bathe even if on her menses as the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,ordered Asmaa’, may Allaah be pleased with her, to at the Meeqaat when she was in the postpartum period.

The intention of Ihraam:

‡ The intention is made in the heart and saying, “Labbayka Allaahumma Hajjan/ ’Umrah” (I am here at your service, O Allaah for Hajj (or ‘Umrah)) is not an utterance of the intention, however is mentioned along with the intention.

43

‡ If someone makes an error in his Talbiyah which is different to his intention (concerning what he is performing (Hajj or ‘Umrah)) then the main thing is the intention not what he uttered.

‡ The Ihraam of one who forgets to utter the Talbiyah of either Hajj or ‘Umrah, his is sound.

‡ The one who is performing Hajj or ‘Umrah on behalf of someone else should say, “Labbayka ‘an Fulaan” (I am here at your service for soand-so) and if he has forgotten their name he can say “for the one who assigned me”.

‡ The Wali (guardian) of a mature child should teach him and command him to make the intention and Talbiyah for himself. As for the immature child, the

Wali makes the intention for him.

Changing the intention of Ihraam:

‡ If the intention is changed before Ihraam then it is fne.

‡ As for after Ihraam, it is not permissible to change the intention except for the ones performing Hajj Ifraad (making the intention for Hajj only) and Hajj Qiraan (making the intention to perform Hajj and ‘Umrah together) if they havent brouJht the sacrifce with them. it is recommended for them to change the intention to Hajj Tamattu’(making Ihraam for ‘Umrah and then Ihraam for Hajj)only.

44

‡ The one performing Hajj Tamattu’and is unable to perform ‘Umrah before Hajj, must change his intention to Qiraan.

‡ It is not permissible for the one who makes Ihraam for Hajj for himself or on behalf of another person, to change the intention to another person.

Leaving the garments of Ihraam open with the chest showing:

When praying, you should throw the garment of Ihraam over your shoulder (covering the chest) as the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, forbade Sadl

(leaving the garment open in prayer.1 Sadl is to place the garment of Ihraam on the back and shoulders and to not throw the cloth that is left hanging over the shoulder therefore, displaying the chest during prayer. Scholars have mentioned this as something disliked in prayer and avoiding Sadl in prayer is part of taking adornment to prayer.

Allaah Says:

(يابني آدم خذوا زينتكم عند كل مسجد).

«O children of Adam, take your adornment [i.e. wear your clothing] at every Masjid» [Qur’aan 7: 31].

This is Ihraam:

Al -areeri may Allaah have mercy on him said: “Anas ibn Maalik, may Allaah be pleased with him, entered the state of 1 This is a sound (Hasan) Hadeeth.

45

Ihraam and we heard him speak only with the remembrance of Allaah until he completed (left Ihraam). He was asked about this. He replied: O nephew, this is Ihraam.”

Ibn Qudaamah, may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “It is recommended for the one who has entered the state of Ihraam to occupy himself with Talbiyah, the remembrance of Allaah, reciting the Qur’aan, enjoining good and forbidding evil, teaching the ignorant, fulflling his needs or remaining silent.”1

Life of the heart:

‡ Avoiding sewn clothing reminds one to abstain from the possessions of this life and its adornments.

• Talbiyah reminds the person of his obligation of responding to his Lord’s commands and avoiding what he forbids.

‡ By avoiding the unlawful acts associated with Ihraam, the person is reminded of the blessings of the lawful acts Allaah has permitted him to carry out which he is prevented from temporarily.

Also he is reminded of the obligation of avoiding the forbidden acts permanently.

By pondering on these concepts and abiding by them the heart remains alive and life is pure.

1 Reported by Ibn Qudaamah in his book Al-Mughni (3/135).

A good example:
The Prophet’s humbleness and asceticism during Ihraam and Hajj:
Anas ibn Maalik,may Allaah be pleased with him, reported:
the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam performed
Hajj on an old pack saddle. On it was a piece of cloth,
the Yalue of which was equal to or less than four 'irhams.

The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,was
reciting this: “O Allaah make this Hajj one that has
no show or fame.”1

Making a condition at Hajj:
‡ Making a condition at Hajj is to say when entering
the state of Ihraam: “If I am prevented/suppressed
by something, then I discontinue at the location where
I was suppressed.”

‡ The beneft of makinJ a condition upon entering the
state of Ihraam is that if the person is unable to complete
his Hajj then he can discontinue (leave the state of Ihraam)
and he does not have to expiate for it.

‡ It is not lawful for the pilgrim to make a condition
 unless he fears that something will prevent him
 from completing the ritual.

‡ Making a condition is done when entering the
state of Ihraam and it must be uttered, as merely
1 Reported by Ibn Maajah (2890) and Al-Albaani
 ruled it as authentic.
47
haYinJ the intention does not suffce.

‡ It is not permissible to make a condition a long
period after entering the state of Ihraam.1

Sexual relations, disobedience and debating:
Allaah Says:
(فلا رفث ولا فُسوق ولا جدال في الحج).
« … there is [to be for him] no sexual relations
and no disobedience and no disputing during
Hajj» [Qur’aan 2: 197]

‡ Sexual relations, includes intercourse and the
speech and actions that precede it. It has also
been said; all obscene indecent speech.

‡ 'isobedience refers to all sins such as disobedience
 toward parents, usury, backbiting, slander
and also carrying out the acts that are unlawful
during Ihraam.

‡ 'ispute refers to arJuinJ fJhtinJ and debating
 about unlawful things. As for debating in a
Jood manner to proYe the truth then this is fne.

1 The period of time is not accurate here.
It would be more appropriate in the form of a
question, as follows: Is it permissible to make a
condition, a period of time after entering the state of Ihraam?

 The answer to that would be: It is not permissible
 to make a condition a period of time after entering
 the state of Ihraam.

Here it should be worded like this:
‘Making a condition is done when entering the
 state of Ihraam and not after’ without mentioning the
duration/period of time.
48
Unlawful acts during Ihraam:
Abstaining from the actions that are unlawful
during Ihraam is a form of honoring Allaah’s sacred
ordinances, some of these include:
‡ Shaving hair
‡ Clipping nails
‡ Using perfume
‡ Hunting on land
‡ Sexual intercourse
‡ What precedes sexual intercourse
‡ Marriage
‡ Covering the head for men
‡ Wearing sewn clothes for men, as for women
wearing the Niqaab (face veil) and gloves.

‡ These things become unlawful when the intention for
Hajj/’Umrah is made and not after wearing the
garments of Ihraam.

Forbidden sewn clothing:
Some people mistakenly believe that the sewn
clothing that is forbidden during the state of Ihraam
is “anything that is sewn”. This is incorrect, as the
meaning of sewn clothing is clothing that is designed
for a certain part of the body, such as a shirt or pants.

So if the clothing is woven and not sewn, then this
is also forbidden. Therefore it is fne for someone to
49
wear a patched garment that has been sewn
together during the state of Ihraam. It is also
acceptable to wear a watch or belt even
if it has been sewn (contains stitching).1

Wearing a Niqaab (face veil) during Ihraam:
A woman should not wear the Niqaab (face veil)
during Ihraam even if it is under fabric that covers
the face or anything similar such as the cover that is
more transparent in the eye area only.2 She should
cover her face with her scarf when amongst foreign
men (non-Mahram) and cover her hands with the
sleeves of her cloak.

Protective medical clothing:
The Permanent Committee for issuing Fatwas
headed by the Mufti of Saudi Arabia Shaykh ‘Abdul
Azeez Aal Shaykh has explained that the products
sold under the name, “Medical protective clothing
for pilgrims and Mu’tamir” which also claim to be
permissible in Islam, are considered sewn clothing
that are not permissible to be worn in the state of
Ihraam (for men) except when necessary. Also,
an expiation must be offered if it is worn,
by fasting three days or feeding six poor
persons each half a Saa’ or b\ sacrifcinJ a ewe.

1 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah
have mercy on him.

2 Reported by Saalih Al-Fawzaan, may Allaah
 have mercy on him.
50
Forbidden perfume:
‡ There is no problem concerning any perfume
that has remained on the body after entering
the state of Ihraam.

‡ Not all fragrant scents are forbidden upon a
person in the state of Ihraam, such as mint or
lemon. However traditional perfume scents
are forbidden such as musk Áoral rose scents
‘Oud, saffron and the like.

‡ Body sprays, deodorants and soaps that contain
perfume should not be used during the state of
Ihraam, as for non-perfumed deodorants, shampoo
with fruit scents and ordinary soap, theseare permissible.

These are all permissible:
‡ Wearing jewelry for women is not forbidden
during the state of Ihraam.

‡ Wearing a (medical) cast or a bandage on the
hands, or knees and wearing a back plaster are
all permissible.

‡ ,t is fne to Jentl\ comb one•s hair but it is best
to avoid it due to the Hadeeth of ‘Arafah:
“Look to my servants who have come
to Me disheveled and dusty.”1

1 Reported by At-Tabaraani (13566) and Al-Albaani
 ruled it as sound (Hasan).

‡ It is permissible to cover with a blanket or extra
cloth when it is cold.

‡ It is permissible to put a cloak or (fur cloak) on
your back to cover yourself, but not to wear it.

‡ It is forbidden to cut down trees within the Haram
(sanctuary) or to cut branches, scare pigeons,
or step on locusts in the Haram.

Honoring the Haram (sanctuary):
Allaah Says:
(ذلك ومَنْ يُعظّم حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ عِندَ رَبِهِ).
«That [has been commanded], and whoever honors
 the sacred ordinances of Allaah — it is best
for him in the sight of his Lord.» [Qur’aan 22: 30]

The pilgrim in Allaah’s land and during the forbidden
 month honors Allaah’s sacred ordinances even
more. In order to guard the sanctity of other Muslims,
one should refrain from crowding with women and
if it is necessary to pray behind women due to the
cramped space and busy crowds his prayer is valid.

One should be concerned with fearing Allaah in
private and public, lowering one’s gaze and
being cautious from having evil thoughts.

Allaah Says:
(واعلموا أن الله يعلم ما في أنفسكم فاحذروه واعلموا أن الله غفور حليم).
«And know that Allaah knows what is within
yourselves, so beware of Him. And know that
52
Allaah is Forgiving and Forbearing.» [Qur’aan 2:
235].

A reminder to our children:
Educators should lay emphasis on reminding
their students to honor the sacred ordinances
of Allaah, such as the virtuous seasons, sacred places and
the dangers of committing sins and wrongdoing.It is
also good to educate children to be welcoming and
hospitable to the pilgrim and Mu’tamir, especially for
the people of the two sanctuaries (Makkah and Madeenah).

Al-Fihry, may Allaah have mercy on him, said describing
his arrival for Hajj: “We reached Makkah and the people
of Makkah and their children were clinging to people,
teaching them about the rituals and showing them the
 way (around Makkah).They had trained their young
children to do so and had memorized invocations
 and supplications of Hajj.”

In it are clear signs:
Allaah Says:
(إن أول بيت وضع للناس للذي ببكة مباركاً وهدى للعالمين * فيه آيات بينات).
«Indeed, the frst House [of worship] established
for mankind was that at Bakkah [i.e.
Makkah]-blessed and a guidance for the
worlds.In it are clear signs [such as] the
standing place of Abraham» [Qur’aan 3: 96-97]
53
Some other signs:
‡ The soul’s longing for this place
and the heart is drawn toward it.

‡ ,t was the frst house established for worship
on earth.

‡ There is no house more blessed than it.

‡ It is a landmark of guidance to the whole world.

‡ It reminds us of the standing places of Ibraaheem
(Abraham), may Allaah exalt his mention.

‡ It is generally safe for humans,
animals and trees. (They are protected).

‡ Another one of its signs is the blessed Zamzam
water and the Black Stone that descended from
Paradise.

The different conditions of committing a forbidden act:
Refraining from committing the acts that are forbidden
 during Ihraam is an honoring of Allaah’s
sacred ordinances and what He forbids. The one who
commits one of these acts without the need to do so
has sinned and must offer an expiation.

As for someone who is compelled to commit one
of these forbidden  acts due to illness, extreme
cold… etc. then it is permissible and not considered
a sin, however the person must offer an expiation,
which is fasting three days, or feeding six poor
people in the Haram or sacrifcinJ a ewe for
the poor people of the Haram.
54
If someone commits one of these acts due to
forgetfulness, ignorance, by force or while
asleep then there is no sin or ransom, but he
is obliged to discontinue the forbidden act
 as soon as he remembers or gains awareness.

The different conditions of covering one’s head:
‡ Covering the head with something attached to
it, such as a turban, hat, cloak or Ihraam garments
 is forbidden upon men during Ihraam.

‡ It is permissible to touch your head with your
hand or to carry loads on top of your head.

‡ It is permissible to be shaded with a tent, parasol or car.

‡ If someone covers their head while asleep
unintentionally, they must uncover it as soon as
they notice and there is no ransom.

‡ The one who needs to cover their head due to
extremely cold weather conditions can cover
but must offer a ransom.

Covering the face:
If a pilgrim is harmed by the cold on the night
of Muzdalifah and covers his head, should he
offer a ransom?

‡ It is not permissible for the one in the state of
Ihraam to cover their head or face due to the
authentic Hadeeth about a pilgrim who was killed
55
by his animal' Do not coYer his head nor his
face.” However if it is absolutely necessary to
carry out this forbidden act then the person
can do so and it is not a sin, but he must offer a
ransom. If someone covers their head
unintentionally during sleep when he is
unaccountable then there is no sin and no ransom.1

Types of Hajj:
• Ifraad: to make the intention when entering the
state of Ihraam to perform only Hajj. Al-Qiraan:
to make the intention when entering Ihraam of
both Hajj and ‘Umrah.

‡ The best type of Hajj is Tamattu’ which is making
the intention of ‘Umrah during the Hajj months
then leaving the state of Ihraam and entering
it again for Hajj during the same year.

‡ It is mandatory for the one performing Tamattu’
and Qiraan who does not reside in Makkah to
slauJhter a sacrifce and it is optional for the
one performing Ifraad.

‡ The one who is unable to slauJhter a sacrifce
should not deprive himself from the reward of
Tamattu’ as Allaah has given him an alternative.

Allaah Says:
(فمن لم يجد فصيام ثلاثة أيام في الحج وسبعة إذا رجعتم).
1 Reported by‘ Abdul-Kareem Al-Khudhayr.
56
«And whoever cannot fnd [or afford such an
animal]-then a fast of three days during Hajj
and of seven when you have returned [home].»
[Qur’aan 2: 196]
‡
 The one who returns to his family between
‘Umrah and Hajj has the ruling of Ifraad and is
not obliJed to slauJhter a sacrifce.

Performing ‘Umrah during the Hajj months:
If someone performs ‘Umrah in the months
of Shawwaal, Thul-Qi’dah, or the frst ten da\s
of Thul-Hijjah and wishes to perform Hajj that
year, and enters the state of Ihraam for Hajj, then
it is considered Tamattu’and it is mandatory to
slauJhter a sacrifce.

Allaah Says
(فإذا أمنتم فمن تمتع بالعمرة فما استيسر من الهدي).
«And when you are secure, then whoever performs
‘Umrah [during the Hajj months] followed by Hajj
[offers] what can be obtained with ease of sacrifcial
 animals.» [Qur’aan 2: 196]

This applies even if the person travels to another
country after performing ‘Umrah based on
the most accurate opinion of scholars. However
if the person returns to his own countryand then
returns to Hajj, it is considered Ifraad and he is
not obliJed to slauJhter a sacrifce.1
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz.
57
Leaving the state ofIhraam in HajjTamattu’:
Some pilgrims are confused as to how much hair
to shave or cut after the ‘Umrah of Tamattu’and some
women are confused about cutting their hair especially
 if their hair is layered (cut in layers). It is not
mandatory to cut from each hair, however it must be
cut from all sections (the front, back, right, left and
middle). Women must take hold of each section and
cut off around the size of a fnJertip. As for the one
performing Ifraad or Qiraan, it is not permissible to
cut off the hair before starting the rituals of the day
of sacrifce.
58
Meeqaats
(the locations pilgrims must not cross
before entering the state of Ihraam)

Entering the state of Ihraam at the Meeqaat:
Ihraam is the frst pillar of Hajj and it is making the
intention in the heart to enter Hajj (the ritual). You
should not cross the Meeqaat before entering the state
of Ihraam. It is permissible to enter the state of Ihraam
when traveling by plane, before reaching the
Meeqaatas a precaution due to the speed of airplanes.

The same applies if someone fears they will fall asleep or
be absentminded at the time. Wearing the garment
of Ihraam is not considered the beginning of the rituals
 until the intention is made in the heart. Making
a condition is permissible if the person fears that
something may prevent him from completing the
rituals, however if someone makes a condition without
a strong cause then the condition is invalid.

The Meeqaat of the one who has two homes:
The one who has a home located before the Meeqaat
 and a home located after the Meeqaat has the choice
59
of entering Ihraam from his home that is
located before the Meeqaat or to enter the
state of Ihraam from the Meeqaat.

The pillars and obligations of Hajj

There are four pillars of Hajj: Ihraam, standing at
‘Arafah, Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah (circumambulating the
Ka’bah after throwing pebbles at the Jamaraat), Sa’y
(the ritual walking between mountSafa and Marwah.)

There are seven obligations: entering the state of
Ihraam from the Meeqaat, remaining in ‘Arafah
until sunset, staying the night at Muzdalifah, throwing
pebbles at the Jamaraat, shaving or cutting hair,
staying the night at Mina on the nights of
Tashreeq and the farewell Tawaaf.

There are many Sunan (optional acts) that are
anything other than the pillars and obligations, some of
these include: Talbiyah, arrival Tawaaf, the two Rak’ah
of Tawaaf, and staying the night at Mina on the eighth day.

The differences between the pillar and obligation:
‡ The one who does not carry out a pillar of Hajj
has not completed Hajj until he carries out the pillar.
61
‡ The one who leaves out an obligation must
slauJhter a sacrifce in the Haram for the poor
and if he is unable to then he must fast ten days.1

‡ The one who leaves out one of the Sunan does
not have to expiate however he has missed out
on the perfection (of Hajj), and the virtue and
great reward. The successful person is the one
who abides by the Prophet’s guidance in Hajj
out of love for him, following him and complying
with his words, “Take [learn] your ritual acts from me.”2

1 The Permanent Committee.
2 Reported by muslim Abu D'aawood and Al Bayhaqi
(9524, 9796) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic.
62
The day of Tarwiyah
(the day of fetching water and quenching thirst)

The names of the different days of Hajj:
‡ The eighth day is the day of Tarwiyah [the day
people would quench their thirst with water in
preparation for ‘Arafah as there was no water
there at that time.]

‡ The ninth day is the day of ‘Arafah.

‡ The tenth day is the day of An-Nahr  sacrifce.

‡ The eleventh day is the day of Al-Qarr (settling)
[as they settle in Mina after going from one ritual to another.]

‡ The twelfth da\ is the da\ of the frst Nafr [departure from Mina.]

‡ The thirteenth day is the day of the second Nafr
[departure from Mina.]

Most local Hajj groups set out on the seventh day
and so the pilgrim must accustom himself to making
optimum use of all his time and every moment in the
remembrance of Allaah and chanting the Talbiyah.
63
The pilgrim should remember that Hajj is a struggle
and must have patience and await his reward with
Allaah. He should also refrain from harming other
Muslims and a person’s reward is based on the
extent of hardship. The one who falls into a deep
sleep on the coach must repeat ablution before
starting Tawaaf. As for women, Sufrah
(yellow liquid) and Kudrah dull liquid  after
purifcation from menses does not prevent
a woman from performing Tawaaf.

The rituals of the eighth day:
‡ It is a Sunnah for the pilJrim to pra\ the fYe
obligatory prayers in Mina starting from the
noon prayer. He shortens the prayers but does
not join them.

‡ The pilgrim performing Hajj Tamattu’bathes
and then enters the state of Ihraam for Hajj saying,
“Labbayka Allaahumma Hajjan” (I am here at
your service O Allaah for Hajj).

‡ As for the ones performing Hajj Ifraad or Qiraan
they remain upon theirIhraam.

‡ It is Sunnah to stay this night at Mina so ensure
that you rest in preparation for standing at
‘Arafah.

Staying the ninth night:
Staying overnight at Mina on the ninth is
recommended for pilgrims and it
is the Sunnah of the
64
Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, however if it is
necessary to go to ‘Arafah on this niJht then it is fne
to do so.

Some manners when riding the Hajj coaches:
‡ Reviving the Sunnah of Talbiyah while on the
way to ‘Arafah and when returning from there
until throwing the pebbles at Jamrat Al-Aqabah.

‡ Being at the service of the passengers as it is a
great honor.

‡ Making space for others and giving up space
for others.

‡ Helping to keep it in order and clean.

‡ Handing out pamphletsand lectures.

‡ Treating women well as they are weaker than
menand are dressed in Jilbaab covering their
faces, and are therefore in need of greater care
and help. You should have patience with them
and not get weary with them.

‡ Commanding the driver with good and forbidding
evil and also calming them and consoling them.
65
The Day of ‘Arafah
Taking provisions for the day of ‘Arafah:
Allaah Says:
(وتزودوا فإن خير الزاد التقوى واتقون يا أولي الألباب).
«And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision
is fear of Allaah. And fear Me, O you of
understanding.» [Qur’aan 2: 197]
Some of the provisions before heading to ‘Arafah:

Worldly provisions:
1. Taking necessary food and medication.
2. Preparing shelter from the cold in Muzdalifah.
3. Finding out the camp location at ‘Arafah.

Afterlife provisions:
1. Taking a booklet of supplications.
2. Taking money to give as charity. The Prophet,
sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said: “The good be-
66
havior of Hajj is to feed food [to the hungry]
and kind speech.”1

Preparing for the great standing:
You have exerted effort to reach ‘Arafah and it has
now neared. 'oesn•t it require some special preparation?

These are some ways to prepare for it:
Asking Allaah the Almighty to make you
successful in seizing this opportunity, getting to
know its virtue and the condition of the Salaf on
this day, preparing the heart and staying away
from frivolous talk, selecting companions who
encourage you to do good, taking a copy of the
Qur’aan with you and a book of supplications,
in addition to money to give as charity, spending
money on your brothers / sisters and sleeping at
an early hour to have the energy and strength for worship.

Giving charity at ‘Arafah:
Hakeem ibn Hizaam, may Allaah have mercy on him,
attended ‘Arafah with one hundred slaves, one hundred
camels, one hundred cows and one hundred ewes.

He said:

“These are all for Allaah’s (sake), and
he freed the slaves, and ordered for the animals to be
slaughtered.”2
1 Al-Albaani ruled it as sound (Hasan).
2 Al +aafth ibn 5aMab  may Allaah have mercy on him, said:
“Hakeem ibn Hizaam may Allaah be pleased
 with him,  stood on the day of ‘Arafah and
he had one hundred (collared) camels and one
hundred slaves. He freed his slaves and people
cried out weeping and invoking Allaah saying, O Allaah
67
Friday and ‘Arafah:
Standing at ‘Arafah on Friday is more virtuous
than standing on other days. This is because two of
the best days have been joined along with the two
times when invocation is answered. It also coincides
 that the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
stood at ‘Arafah on a Friday and it is the day that
Allaah completed His religion. It also reminds the
pilJrims of the 'a\ of -udJment which will occur
on a Friday.1

The Sunnah on the day of ‘Arafah:
Ibn Al-Qayyim, may Allaah have mercy on him,
said: “It was the Prophet’s way to eat (not fast)
on the day of ‘Arafah at ‘Arafah due to the
Hadeeth: “The people doubted whether the
Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam was
fastingon the day of ‘Arafah so a
cup of milk was sent to him which he drank at
forenoon on the day of ‘Arafah and people saw him.”2
‘Ataa’, may Allaah have mercy on him, said:
“The one who eats (doesn’t fast) on the day
of ‘Arafah in order to strengthen himself to
invoke Allaah will have the same reward
as the one who fasts.”3

your slave has freed his slaves and we are your
slaves so set us free. This is also happened to people
with Ar-Rasheed.” Lataa’if Al-Ma’aarif (page 284).

1 A summary of what was reported in the book
Zaad Al-Ma’aad (1/60).
2 Reported by Al-Bukhaari (1662) and Muslim (1123).
3 Reported by ‘Abdur-Razzaaq in his book Musannaf
‘Abdur-Razzaaq (4/284).
68
Namirah mosque:
‡ It is recommended to leave for ‘Arafah after
sunrise and it is permissible to leave before.

‡ It is Sunnah to enter ‘Arafah after Thuhr and ‘Asr
pra\ersand it is fne to enter before that and pray.

‡ One must pay attention to the boundaries of
‘Arafah by the yellow signs ensuring that you
have entered, as Hajj is ‘Arafah. If you are
occluded by the busy crowds and afraid that you
may not enter within time, you must descend
from the bus and walk.

‡ The front of Namirah mosque is not part of
‘Arafah,as for the back it is within the
boundaries of ‘Arafah.

The supplications recited when on the way to‘Arafah:
When the Prophet’s companions were with him on
their way to ‘Arafah: “The one chanting the
Talbiyah would do so and nobody would stop him,
And the one saying Takbeer would do so and nobody
would stop him.” The Sunnah concerning the
supplications of Hajj is for each person to recite
them alone and not to intentionally recite
them together collectively. (The meaning of
chanting collectively is to all be reciting
Tahleel or Takbeer.)1

1 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah
have mercy on him, in his book As-Sharh
Al-Mumti’ (7/111).
69
Congratulations to them:
Congratulations to the pilgrims by the Prophet’s
saying: “There is no day on which Allaah frees
more of His slaves from Fire than the day of
‘Arafah, and He verily draws near then boasts of them
before the angels, saying: ‘What do they seek?’”1

This reminds us to take advantage of this good time
with righteous deeds and supplicating and invoking Allaah.

The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
 “The best invocation is that of the day of ‘Arafah and
the best that anyone can say is what I and the
prophets, may Allaah exalt their mention,

before me have said: La ilaaha illallaah wahadahu
la shareeka lah lahu al-mulk wa lahu al-hamd wa
huwa ‘ala kullishay’in qadeer. [None has the right
to be worshipped but Allaah alone, 

Who has no partner. His is the dominion and His is
the praise and He is Able to do all things.]”2

The Prophetic supplications:
Some of the greatest things that help us invoke
Allaah with sincerity and humility: the heart being
present during invocation, separating yourself from
distractions and sensingthe closeness of Allaah and
His generosity. Some of the things asked for in Prophetic
supplications include, forgiveness, mercy, sin-
1 Reported by Muslim (1348).
2 Reported by At-Tirmithi (3585)
and Al-Albaani ruled it as sound (Hasan).

cere devotion, provision, to be set free (from the Fire),
pardon and well-being, protection, health, guidance,
piety, chasteness, richness, being safeguarded/sheltered,
victory, security and the greatest of them all:
the Highest Firdaws and the enjoyment of seeing His
face, the Most Merciful.

(Invocation) and asking Allaah in private:
Al-Fudhayl, may Allaah have mercy on him, stood
at ‘Arafah and people were invoking Allaah. He wept the
weeping of a mourning woman and his weeping had
prevented him from invoking Allaah. When the sun
was about to set he raised his head and said:
“O Allaah even if You pardon me, I am ashamed
of the sins I have committed.”

The people of forgiveness:
Ibn Al-Mubaarak, may Allaah have mercy on him, said:
 “I came to Sufyaan At-Thawri, may Allaah have mercy
on him, on the afternoon of ‘Arafah. He was kneeling
down on his knees with his eyes streaming with tears.
I said to him: “Who is in the worst condition at this gathering?”
He replied: “The ones who think that Allaah will not forgive them.”

Al-Fudhayl, may Allaah have mercy on him, looked at
how people made Tasbeeh (glorifying Allaah) and
how they wept in the afternoon on the day of ‘Arafah.

He said: “If these people went to a man and asked for
the sixth of a dirham, do you think he would reject
them?” They replied in the negative. He said: “By
71
Allaah, Allaah grants forgiveness easier than a man
would give them the sixth of a dirham.”

A reminder of the afterlife:
One of the greatest characteristics of Allaah’s pure
servants is that the afterlife is present in their hearts.

Allaah Says:
(إنا أخلصناهم بخالصة ذكرى الدار).
«Indeed, We chose them for an exclusive quality:
remembrance of the home [of the Hereafter].»
[Qur’aan 38: 46]

The pilgrim is near to this: he has parted with
his family, and country and this reminds him of the
great departure. Removing his clothing and altering
his appearance with the garments of Ihraam reminds
him of departing this world in his shroud. The
gathering of people on the plain of ‘Arafah with their
voices raised and the diversity of their languages,
reminds him of the Jreat JatherinJ the 'a\ of
-udJment).

Allaah Says:
(يوم هم بارزون لا يخفى على الله منهم شيء لمن الملك اليوم لله الواحد القهار).
«The Day they come forth nothing concerning
them will be concealed from Allaah. To whom
belongs [all] sovereignty this Day? To Allaah,
the One, the Prevailing.» [Qur’aan 40: 16].
72
Some rulings concerning the day of ‘Arafah:
‡ You must not depart from ‘Arafah before sunset.

‡ You may not attend this gathering again so
beware of wasting the precious moments and
don’t occupy yourself at this time with other
things.

‡ Make invocation for the less fortunate Muslims.

‡ Make sure you are in a pure state (ablution) before
embarking the bus for prayer in case there is no time.

‡ It is permissible to join Maghreb and ‘Ishaa;
prayers at ‘Arafah for those delayed by the
crowds and are afraid the time of prayer may
pass. If someone is stuck on the bus he should
pray where he is if he is unable to descend. If
the person is able to descend then it is
mandatory to do so and if possible they should
make ablution, if not then Tayamum (dry ablution).

‡ It is permissible for the passengers of the bus to
hasten to leave after midnight even if there are
both weak and strong people.

The pilgrim’s condition on the day of ‘Arafah:
The pilJrim should show his insuffcienc\ and
need for His Lord, as Moosa (Moses), may
Allaah exalt his mention, said, Allaah Says:
(رب إني لما أنزلت إلي من خير فقير).
73
«“My Lord, indeed I am, for whatever good
You would send down to me, in need.”»
[Qur’aan 28: 24]

And Ayoob -ob may Allaah e[alt his mention
who called upon his Lord saying, Allaah Says:
(وأيوب إذ نادى ربه أني مسني الضر وأنت أرحم الراحمين).
«And [mention] Job, when he called to his
Lord, “Indeed, adversity has touched me, and
You are the most merciful of the merciful.”»
[Qur’aan 21: 83]

And yoonus - Jonah
 maغ Allaah en,called upon
his Lord in the darkness, Allaah Says:
(وذا النون إذ ذهب مغاضباً فظن أن لن نقدر عليه
فنادى في الظلمات أن لا إله إلا أنت سبحانك إني كنت من الظالمين).
«And [mention] the man of the fsh [i.e. Jonah],
when he went off in anger and thought that We
would not decree [anything] upon him. And he
called out within the darkness, “There is no deity
 except You; exalted are You. Indeed, I have
been of the wrongdoers.”» [Qur’aan 21: 87].

Unity and the oneness of Allaah:
With the pilgrim’s departure from ‘Arafaat under
the banner of Takbeer, the oneness of Allaah and
74
Tahleel Jlorifcation of Allaah
 with their diYerse languages, skin colors and different
countries of origin, we grasp the importance of Islaamic
creed and its role. We also see that it is a pillar and
banner that the Ummah can unite under to attain
its honor and glory.
75
The Night of Muzdalifah
Some of the rulings concerning Muzdalifah:
‡ ,t is fne for people who haYe weak ones amonJ
them and enter Muzdalifah after midnight, to
continue on their way to Mina, chanting the
Talbiyah and they are not required to stay and
sleep even though it is the Sunnah.

‡ It is better to sleep and rest this night rather
than spending the time speaking/chatting
following the example of the Prophet, sallallaahu
‘alayhi wa sallam, in preparation for the acts of
the da\ of sacrifce.

‡ It is not mandatory to collect pebbles from
Muzdalifah, it is permissible in Mina.

‡ It is not permissible to stone the Jamrah before
midniJht on the niJht of sacrifce  nor to perform
Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah.

The one who misses the standing in Muzdalifah:
The one who misses the standing in Muzdalifah
until dawn, when he was able to enter by disembark-
76
inJ from the bus and walkinJ  must offer a sacrifce
because he missed this compulsory act. But if he
cannot sacrifce he must fast ten days.1

The one who is unable to disembark the bus and
walk to enter Muzdalifah until dawn enters, doesn’t
haYe to offer a sacrifce.2The same goes for the one
accompanied by a helpless person or women whom
he fears for or if the person is harmed by leaving his
companions.

Taking provisions:
Allaah Says:
(وتزودوا فإن خير الزاد التقوى واتقون يا أولي الألباب).
«And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision
is fear of Allaah. And fear Me, O you of
understanding» [Qur’aan 2: 197]

The pilgrim should take what he needs to keep
himself healthy to help him complete his pilgrimage
and worship. The night of Muzdalifah may be
cold so he should prepare for standing in open
areas (outside) and take something to wrap himself
in, and this can enable him to apply this Hadeeth: the
Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said: “Whoever
has extra provision must give it to the one who does
1 Reported by Shaykh Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
2 Reported by Shaykh ‘Abdur-Rahmaan Al-Barraak,
may Allaah have mercy on him.
77
not have.”1 Generosity and altruism are acts of
righteousness during Hajj.

Tranquility, tranquility:
‡ This night is a night of fatigue, pain and hardship,
so remember; Allaah Says:
(يأيها الذين آمنوا اصبروا وصابروا ورابطوا واتقوا الله لعلكم تفلحون ).
«O you who have believed, persevere and endure
and remain stationed and fear Allaah
that you may be successful.» [Qur’aan 3: 200]

‡ This night is a night of severe trouble and diffcult but
the prophet  sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“You will be rewarded according to your hardship.”2

‡ This night is where your morals are put to
test, but the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,
said: “Do not get angry and you have
Paradise.”3This was the Prophet’s, sallallaahu
 ‘alayhi wa sallam, slogan: “Tranquility…
tranquility.”4
1 Reported by Abu D'aawood and Al Albaani
ruled it as authentic.
2 Reported by Muslim (1211), Al Bukhaari
(1787) and Al Haakim (1733) and Al-Albaani
ruled it as authentic.
3 Reported by At-Tabaraani (2353) and
Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic.
4 5eported b\ 0uslim and Abu 'aawood
and Al Albaani ruled it as authentic.
78
Awaiting your reward with Allaah:
In the midst of this gathering of people, and the
busy crowds, the Muslim remembers the
congestion of the 'a\ of 5esurrection. The da\ humans
will have only a space for their feet. The congestion
of departing from ‘Arafah requires patience and
tranquility, and awaiting your reward with Allaah
reduces and relieves the suffering that a Muslim endures.

But that it is registered for them as a righteous deed:
'ear brothers and sisters  those who were dela\ed
on buses, who were deprived of sleep, and
nourishment who did not Jet suffcient rest or
proper washroom facilities, remember that your
Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“Hajj and ‘Umrah are for the sake of Allaah.
”1 Allaah Says:
(ذلك بأنهم لا يصيبهم ظمأ ولا نصب ولا مخمصة في سبيل الله
ولا يطئون موطئاً يغيظ الكفار ولا ينالون من عدو نيلاً
إلا كتب لهم به عمل صالح إن الله لا يضيع أجر المحسنين ).
«That is because they are not afflicted by thirst
or fatigue or hunger in the cause of Allaah, nor
do they tread on any ground that enrages the
disbelievers, nor do they inflict upon an enemy
any infliction but that it is registered for them
1 5eported b\ Abu 'aawood At Ta\aalisi 
 and Ahmad .
79
as a righteous deed. Indeed, Allaah does not
allow to be lost the reward of the
doers of good.» [Qur’aan 9: 120]

Al-Mash’ar Al-Haraam:
Allaah Almighty Says:
(فإذا أفضتم من عرفات فاذكروا الله عند المشعر الحرام).
«But when you depart from ‘Arafaat, remember
Allaah at Al-Mash’ar al Haraam.» [Qur’aan 2: 198]

Al-Masha’ar Al-Haraam: Muzdalifah is a place to
remind us of Allaah’s guidance to us: He guided us
to Islam, guided us to the Sunnah, guided us to love
His worship and rituals. He guided us to the
performance of His rituals and to respond to His appeal.

Those who truly committed themselves to His guidance
deserYe to be Juided on the path on the day of Resurrection.1

The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“O Allaah, help me in remembering you, in offering
thanks to you, and in worshipping you properly.”

1 Guidance is to the straight path, as for the path of
resurrection it is said: to stay steady on the path.

The Sunnah on the night of the Gathering (Muzdalifah)1:
The Sunnah is to pray Maghrib and ‘Ishaa in
Muzdalifah and stay until dawn. It is
permissible for the weak and their
companions to leave after midnight,
although some scholars say when the moon sets to
and this is the prudent choice.

The Jihaad (struggle) of every weak person:
When you reÁect upon the sufferinJ of the niJht
of Muzdalifah and the intensity of the crowds during
circumambulation, you can see the reality of this
Hadeeth: the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said:
“Hajj is the Jihaad of every weak person.”2 Also the
saying of the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wasallam, to
women: “Your Jihaad is Hajj.”3

The magnanimity of men is manifested in Hajj
when it comes to caring and protecting their wives.

A man is required to remain patient with his wife,
even if she gets her menses and is forced to delay,
or to return because of her, following the example
of the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, and how
he consoled ‘Aa’ishah, may Allaah be pleased
with her, when she got her menses.

1 Gathering is another name of Muzdalifah.
It was called gathering as people gather
there the night before ‘Eed. This is
taken from Quraysh and others.
2 Reported by Ibn Maajah (2902) and Al-Albaani
ruled it as sound (Hasan).
3 Reported by Al-Bukhaari (2875).
81
Leaving Muzdalifah:
‡ The Sunnah is to pray Fajr in Muzdalifah as
soon as the time enters upon hearing the call to
prayer. However this is after making sure that
the time is correct and to be in the direction of
the Qiblah and do not just imitate others.

‡ The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,
remained in Muzdalifah making supplication
after Fajr  until the morning brightness. So exert
effort in making supplication and leave before sunrise.

Departing from Muzdalifah:
Allaah Says:
(ثم أفيضوا من حيث أفاض الناس واستغفروا الله إن الله غفور رحيم).
«Then depart from the place from where [all]
the people depart and ask forgiveness of Allaah.
Indeed, Allaah is Forgiving and Merciful.»
[Qur’aan 2: 199]

• «Then depart» from Muzdalifah to Mina. «From
the place from where [all] the people depart»
since the time of Ibraaheem (Abraham), may
Allaah exalt his mention, until now, and this it
to stone the Jimaar, slaughter the Hady, to
circumambulate the Ka’bah, perform Sa’y
(the ritual walking between Safa and Marwah
and to spend the night in Mina.
82
• «And ask forgiveness of Allaah» due to the defects or
neglect that can happen in worship and we thank Allaah
 for His blessings and granting us success in this great blessing.
83
The day of Sacrifce Midnight:
Midnight is the time occurring in the middle of
Maghrib and Fajr and is not twelve o’clock at night.

Knowing the time of midnight is important for the
pilgrim in order not to delay the prayer of ‘Ishaa’
until after this time, and to not leave Muzdalifah before
this time. The pilgrim must spend more over half of
the night on every night of Tashreeq in Mina, and all
the acts of the da\ of sacrifce includinJ the stoninJ
slaughtering, shaving, circumambulation, Sa’y are
not valid before midnight on the tenth of Thul-Hijjah.

Acts of the Day of Sacrifce:
‡ The acts of the tenth day: the stoning,
slaughtering, shaving or trimming of hair,
circumambulation, and Sa’y. It is permissible
to advance and delay, meaning you can complete
the acts in whatever order you wish.

‡ The correct opinion is that stoning Jamrat Al-
‘Aqabah is enough for leaving the state of Ihraam
–Sughra (all the forbidden acts of Ihraam are
84
permissible except for intimacy) but if one also
shaves his hair or performs circumambulation,
then it is better.

‡ Leaving the state of Ihraam-Kubra (all the
forbidden things during Ihraam are permissible)
canonly be done by the stoning, shaving or
trimming hair, circumambulation and Sa’y.

‡ It is enough to think it is high likely that the
pebbles have fallen in the basin for it to be valid.

‡ The only one who can appoint someone to stone
on their behalf is the incapable person.

‡ It is permissible to leave a day or more between
circumambulation and Sa’y, and it is permissible
to perform Sa’y before circumambulation.

‡ It is permissible to delay Tawaaf Al-Ifadhah until
the end and it replaces farewell Tawaaf even if
the person performs Sa’y along with it.

Shaving and trimming hair:
‡ Shaving is removing hair with a razor and
trimming is to cut hair from all sections of
the head with scissors or shaving machine.

‡ Shaving is the best: because the Prophet, sallallaahu
‘alayhi wa sallam, made supplication for the ones who
shave three times and the one who trims once.
85
‡ If someone is bald then there is no shaving and
no ransom, as for someone with a shaved head,
it is recommended to pass the razor over his
head,as there will be something to shave.
‡ Women gather their hair and trim from it the
amount of a fnJertip.

Restricted Takbeer:
The restricted Takbeer starts after prayers for the
pilgrims, after Thuhrprayer on the tenth day. Shaykh
‘Abdul ‘Azeez ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him,
mentioned that the worshiper asks forgiveness (saying
Astaghfrullaah three times after fnishinJ his
prayer and then says: ‘O Allaah, You are As-Salaam
and all peace is from you, blessed are You, O Possessor
of majesty and honor.’ Then he chants Takbeer,
what Allaah wills him to and he then returns to the
usual supplications recited after prayer.

Allaah Says:
(هل جزاء الإحسان إلا الإحسان).
«Is the reward for good [anything] but good?» [Qur’aan 55: 60].
The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said: “As
for your throwing [pebbles] at the Jimaar [pillars],
[the reward] will be stored for you. As for shaving
your head, for each hair that falls you will gain reward.
86
When you circumambulate the house [Ka’bah]
 the state of your sins, will be just like the day your
mother gave birth to you.”1

If the pilgrim thinks well of his Lord, and strengthens
his hope and his longing for the grace and
reward of Allaah, Allaah will bestow upon him
those favors and grant him reward that
pleases him and adorns his record on
the 'a\ of 5esurrection.

Types of circumambulation:
‡ Circumambulation of arrival: it is performed
when the pilgrim reaches Makkah, and is Sunnah
for the one performing Hajj Ifraad and Qiraan.

 As for the one performing Hajj Tamattu’,
he is obliged to perform the circumambulation
of ‘Umrah.

‡ Circumambulation of Ifaadhah: it is called the
circumambulation of visiting, and is performed
after leaving Muzdalifah on the da\ of sacrifce
or after it. It is one of the pillars of Hajj.

‡ Farewell circumambulation: it is performed after
completing the rituals of Hajj when you are
determined to leave Makkah. It is obligatory
upon every pilgrim except for the woman on
her menses.

‡ Revealing the right shoulder (Idhtibaa’) is done for the
circumambulation of arriYal and specif-

1 Reported by At-Tabaraaniand Al-Albaani
ruled it as sound (Hasan).
87
cally for ‘Umrah as well as Raml
(hurrying in circumambulation/Sa’y).

Removal of suspicions and rumors:
When we contemplate the legality of the Sunnah
of Raml  hurr\inJ in the frst three rounds of
circumambulation we realize the siJnifcance of
the 3rophet’s concern, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa
sallam, in relation to removing suspicions and rumors.
The reason behind Raml (hurrying), was the widespread
rumor that the feYer of yathrib madeenah
 had afÁicted the 0uslims and weakened their
strength. So, the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,
ordered his Companionsto hurry and
prove that the rumors were false.
Rumors lead to internal weakness and
internal psychological defeat.

Surrendering and following:
When ‘Umar Al-Faarooq, may Allaah be pleased with
him, approached the Black Stone he would say: “No
doubt, I know that you are a stone and can neither
harm an\one nor beneft an\one. And had , not seen
Allaah’s Messenger, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,
kissing you I would not have kissed you.”1

Al aafth ,bn aMar may Allaah have mercy on him, said:
“This saying of ‘Umar, may Allaah be pleased with him,
displays surrendering to the Sharee’ah in
religious matters and perfectly following when
the meanings of certain matters
1 Reported by Al-Bukhaari and Muslim.
88
have not been revealed. This is a great rule when following
the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, and his actions
even when the wisdom behind it is unknown.”1

Some rulings concerning circumambulation:
‡ Circumambulation starts in alignment with
the Black Stone. The person says Allaahu Akbar
(Allaah is the Greatest) once and points towards
the Black Stone with the right hand and does not stop.2

‡ Being in alignment with the Black Stone is
estimated and the person should follow the signs.

‡ A condition of valid circumambulation is to
make sure the Ka’bah is on your left the whole
circumambulation.

‡ It is recommended to touch the Yemenicorner,
however if it is hard to reach, it is not legitimate
to indicate or to make Takbeer when you are
aligned with it.

1 Reported by Ibn Hajar in his book Fat-h Al-Baari (3/463).
2 does he say Bismillaah (In the name of Allaah)
with Takbeer at the start of the circumambulation?
Al Albaani, may Allaah have mercy on him, said:
“Saying Bismillaah is something I haven’t seen in
any authentic Hadeeth by the Prophet, sallallaahu
‘alayhi wa sallam, but it is authentically narrated
by Ibn ‘Umar, may Allaah be pleased with him,
that when he touched the Black Stone he would
say: “Bismillaah Allaahu Akbar”.

”This is also the  opinion chosen by the Permanent
Committee, Ibn Baaz, Ibn 8tha\meen ,bn -ibreen and
others may Allaah have mercy on them.

Perhaps it is more correct to say that it is
permissible but not Sunnah or recommended.
89
• A person can pray the two Rak’ahs of
circumambulation anywhere in the Sacred Mosque.

‡ ,it is fine to circumambulate in the hallway and
all the Áoors as lonJ as you are inside the
6acred Mosque.

‡ The one who has trouble performing circumambulation
due to illness, fatigue or the intensity of the crowds can
circumambulate by being carried by someone or in a
wheelchair. You cannot appoint someone to perform
circumambulation on behalf of you.

‡ If a woman prevents or stops menstruation by
taking pills and is completely dry, then her
circumambulation is valid after bathing.

‡ When the Iqaamah for prayer is heard the person
should pray with the people, and then complete
his circumambulation from where he stopped.1

‡ If a person has doubt concerning the number
of rounds he has performed, he should base on
certainty which is the lowest number.

However, if he doubts after leaving the
circumambulation or the Sa’y there is no
siJnifcance in it and it is only a whispering
from the devil.2
 
1 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him.
2 There are other rulings of circumambulation that were not
mentioned, including the recommendation of saying “O Lord
give us good in this world…” between the two corners, that it
is obligatory to perform the seven rounds continuously. If the
person stops for a short period due to an e[cuse then this is
fne but if he stops for a lonJ time he must

Some rulings concerning the circumambulation of Ifaadhah:
‡ The pilgrim comes to the Ka’bah to perform seven rounds of the circumambulation of Ifaadhah. He should not expose his right shoulder (Idhtibaa’) nor should he hurry.

‡ The frst Sa’y is suffcient for the ones performing Hajj Qiraan and Ifraad if they performed it after the circumambulation of arrival.

‡ Hair is not cut after circumambulation of Ifaadhah and Sa’y, if it was cut or shaved before.

‡ It is permissible to leave a day or more between circumambulation and Sa’y but the Sunnah is to perform them one after the other, and it is permitted to perform Sa’y before circumambulation.

‡ It is permitted to delay circumambulation of  Ifaadhah to the end of Hajj and it replaces the farewell circumambulation, even if Sa’y is delayed along with it.

‡ It is better for the woman who fears that menstruation will begin, to undertake the circumambulation of Ifaadhah (and not delay it). repeat it. Also, it is disliked to force your way to the Black Stone if it is too crowded and it is not permitted to perform circumambulation inside the Hijr, and it is desirable to be as near to the Ka’bah as possible.

Also, it is not permissible to specify a certain supplication for each round and so on.
91
‡ The person drinks from Zamzam water and then returns to Mina and stays there for the three days and nights of Tashreeq.

‡ The person should not enter the Mas’aa (the place where the Sa’y i.e., ritual walking is performed)  and he shouldn’t walk on the roof of the Mas’aa during circumambulation unless it is necessary due to the crowds and there is no choice but to walk on the roof. In this case the circumambulation is valid.1

Some incidents of the Salaf (the predecessors) concerning Zamzam water:
‘Abdullaah Ibn Al-Mubaarak, may Allaah have mercy on him, reported that when he performed Hajj, he approached Zamzam water and said: “O Allaah, the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said: ”The water of Zamzam is for whatever it is  drunk for” and, am drinkinJ it to quench the thirst of the 'a\ of Resurrection.

Delaying the circumambulation of Ifaadhah:
The approved opinion/ruling is that the circumambulation of Ifaadhah should not be delayed until after the month of Thul-Hijjah only if there is an excuse, such as the sick person who cannot perform circumambulation by walking or being carried, or a woman gave birth (is in the post-partum period)
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
92
before the circumambulation of Ifaadhah. However, if there is no excuse it is not permissible to delay it, instead it must be carried out before the end of ThulHijjah.1

Some rulings concerning Sa’y:
‡ The one performing Hajj At-Tamattu’ should not perform Sa’y of Hajj before ‘Arafah. As for the ones performing Ifraad and Qiraan, they can perform Sa’y after the circumambulation of arrival.2

‡ Ablution (purity) is not required to perform Sa’y.

‡ It is recommended for men to hurry between the two green signs.

• Sa’y is started by going from Safa to Marwah which is considered one round then returning to Safa which is another round, until the person completes seven rounds.

‡ There is no specifc supplication for Sa’y, except for what has been reported about making Takbeer and Tahleel on the mounts of Safa and Marwah.

‡ It is obligatory to cross the distance between the two mounts during Sa’y, but it is not obligatory to climb the mountain. ,t suffces to reach the-
1 Reported in the book Sharh Al-Mumti’ (7/372).
2 Reported by the Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah  have mercy on him.
93
balcony on the second Áoor of the Mas’a and its roof without going all the way around it.

Entering the state of Ihraam for Hajj from Makkah:
The one who enters the state of Ihraam for Hajj from Makkah should head to Mina, it is not permissible to perform circumambulation or Sa’y until coming back from ‘Arafah and Muzdalifah.1

A place of return for humankind:
Glory to Allaah the Almighty who made His House:
Allaah Says:
(مثابة للناس).
«…a place of return for the people» [Qur’aan 2: 125]

Whenever people depart from it they yearn for it and wish to return. They go back and forth frequently but do not feel that they have spent enough time there.

Allaah the Almighty has associated the House with Himself, Allaah Says:
(وطهر بيتي).
« …and purify My House for those who perform Tawaaf … » [Qur’aan 22]

And so the hearts of those who love Allaah are attached to His House. Whenever they see its image from a distance they feel a longing toward it, and
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
94
whenever they away from it they feel alone. O Allaah keep the pilgrims and Mu’tamireen (people performing ‘Umrah) safe and forgive them and the believers, O Lord of the world!

Some of the reasons/wisdoms of circumambulation and Sa’y:
By entering the Sanctuary of Allaah you remember the security of the day of resurrection and the way to achieve this security which is monotheism and avoiding polytheism.

By circumambulating the Ka’bah you will remember the work of Ibraaheem (Abraham), may Allaah exalt his mention, his dedication, his call for Hajj and the Hajj of the prophets, may Allaah exalt their mention after him.

By drinking Zamzam water you remember the grace of Allaah and His blessings and goodness that do not cut off over time. By performing Sa’y between Safa and Marwah you remember the trial of Haajar and her patience with the command of Allaah and her seeking refuge with Him.

The anguish of the day of resurrection:
When you are among the busy crowds of people circumambulating the Ka’bah and it becomes diffcult to breathe, in the crowded atmosphere  and the intense pressure and diffcult\ then the moYement slows down and you stop. Here the Muslim remembers the anJuish of the day of resurrection and the horrors of the calamity, on the day that people are
95
resurrected to the Lord of the Universe. When the sun descends low on the creation and hearts reach the throat. We ask Allaah to accept from the pilgrims their Hajj and to save us all from the anguish of the day of judJment.
96
The days and nights of Tashreeq in Mina Specifc numbered days:
Allaah Says:
(واذكروا الله في أيام معدودات).
«And remember Allaah during [specifc] numbered days» [Qur’aan 2: 203]

The specifc numbered days are the days of Tashreeq, and these are some of the supplications of these days:
‡ Unrestricted Takbeer for all the days.

‡ Restricted Takbeer after each obligatory prayer starting from Thuhron the day of 6acrifce until the end of the days of Tashreeq.

‡ Slaughtering the Hady and stoning the Jimaar, and the specifc supplication that come alonJ with those. In addition to all the rituals and acts of worship the pilgrim performs. Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “Supplica-
97
tion on this day includes everything you say or do in obedience to Allaah.”1

Becoming closer to Allaah:
The heart is desolate and isolated, and it can only be removed by becoming closer to Allaah. Occupying yourself by frequently meeting with people, watching entertainment programs and all kinds amusement removes the heart’s need of being closer to Allaah, being secluded with Him and approaching Him, especially when the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said: ”One of the greatest days to Allaah is the Day of Sacrifce and then the day of Qarr [staying in Mina].”2 The day of Qarris the eleventh of Thul-Hijjah and is called the day of Qarr because the pilgrims settle down in Mina after going about performing the rituals.

Prophetic permission for those with excuses on the days of Mina:
‡ Not spending the night there due to the Hadeeth, the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,said: “Al-Abbaas, may Allaah be pleased with him, sought permission from the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, to spend the nights of Mina in Makkah
1 Reported by Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, may Allaah have mercy on him, in his book Tafseer Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (2/438).
2 Reported by Abu 'aawood and Al_Albaani ruled it as authentic.
98
for his service of watering the pilgrims, and he authorized it for him.” 1

‡ -oininJ the stoninJ on one day as the prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, authorized the camel shepherds to combine the stoning of two days on the second day.

‡ To stone during the night due to the Hadeeth, the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“The shepherd stones at night and shepherds during the day.”2

Spending the night outside of Mina:
,t is acceptable for the one who cannot fnd somewhere to stay the night at Mina, to spend the night in the nearest location to it, if the tents are densely packed like the tents of Muzdalifah.

The Sharee’ah came to protect human dignity and so does not oblige the pilgrims to meander about the streets of Mina in the cold with nowhere to settle or go to the bathroom, and nowhere to protect and shelter their women.

The obligatory amount of time to be spent in Mina:
The obligatory time to spend in Mina and the tents nearby is to remain there (even without sleeping) for more than half of the night, the duration of night be-
1 Reported by Al-Bukhaari (1634) and Muslim (1315).
2 Reported by Al-Bayhaqi (9959) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic, and is a summary extracted from his book Manaasik Al-Albaani.
99
ing from Maghrib to Fajr, whether it is at the beginning of the night or the end or the middle and whether it is continuous or not.

The pilgrim should take precautions and so if he wants to leave for Makkah from Mina for example, he should leave early or not leave Mina until after midnight in order for it to be a valid night at Mina.

What sort of invocation should you make during the Days of Tashreeq?

Allaah Says:
(ومن الناس من يقول ربنا آتنا في الدنيا وما له في الآخرة من خلاق ومنهم من يقول ربنا آتنا في الدنيا حسنة وفي الآخرة حسنة وقنا عذاب النار).
«And among the people is he who says, ‘Our Lord, give us in this world,’ and he will have in the Hereafter no share * But among them is he who says, ‘Our Lord, give us in this world [that which is] good and in the Hereafter [that which is] good and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.’» [Qur’aan 2: 200-201]

Many of the Salaf thought that frequently mentioning this invocation is recommended on the days of Tashreeq.

Those who are exempt due to an excuse:
People who are stopped by the crowds on the way from Makkah to Mina the night before on the nights of Tashreeq and cannot return to spend the night there, are not blamed. If the pilgrim wants to take precautions to spend the next night, he should stay where he is at Mina or its environs for over half of the night, then set out to Makkah if he wishes to.

For the one who fears Allaah:
Remaining until the thirteenth day is what Allaah recommended in His saying, Allaah Says:
(ومَن تأخَّر فلا إثم عليه لِمَنِ اتقى).
« …and whoever delays [until the third], there is no sin upon him, for him who fears Allaah ...» [Qur’aan 2: 203]

He made it a sign of piety, and it is the Sunnah of the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, as he spent all the nights of Tashreeq all in Mina and he stoned on each day.

This is the most complete and best way, because there is more work by spending the night of the thirteenth and stoning during that day. In this case the person throws 21 more pebbles than the one who hastens to depart, in addition to the other acts of worship.

The one who stays on must stone the Jamaraat of the thirteenth day starting from after mid-day until sunset. It is not permissible to delay any of the ston-
101
ing until after sunset and if someone does that they haYe missed an obliJation and must offer a sacrifce.

Be careful:
‡ The three days of Tashreeq end by sunset of the thirteenth day and with that these rituals end:

‡ The time of stoning the Jamaraat.

‡ The time of slaughtering the Hady and sacrifce.

‡ Unrestricted and restricted Takbeer for the pilgrims and non-pilgrims.

‡ The ban on voluntary fasting.

‡ It is not permissible to delay the slaughtering of the Hady until after the days of Tashreeq and if done the person is still required to slaughter to make up for it.1
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
102
Stoning the Jamaraat (pillars)
Servitude to Allaah and following (the Sunnah):
By throwing pebbles at the Jimaar (pillars), the pilgrim is reminded of implementing religious commands, achieving servitude and following the Sunnah, and not questioning the wisdom of the Sharee’ah that the mind cannot comprehend.

By slaughterinJ the sacrifce the pilJrim is reminded of how Ibraaheem (Abraham), may Allaah exalt his mention, implemented Allaah’s command and that obeying Allaah should overcome abstract emotions and that it leads to good.

By leaving Ihraam and the garments of Ihraam, the pilgrim is reminded of the sweetness of worship and that the outcome of responding to Allaah’s commands is complete joy and happiness.

The Sunnah when throwing the pebbles at the Jamaraat:
The pilJrim starts with the frst Jamrah (Sughra) and when he completes that he moves slightly to the right and stands directly to the Qiblah for a long period invoking Allaah with his hands raised. He then
103
approaches the second Jamrah (Wusta) and throws the pebbles at it as well. He then moves to the left, and stands in the direction of the Qiblah for a long period of time and invokes Allaah raising his hands.

With the busy crowds he can make invocation wherever it is possible and more humbling for him. He then approaches the third Jamrah (‘Aqabah), which he stones but does not stand there for invocation.

Prolonging invocation at the Jamaraat is Sunnah:
‡ It is Sunnah to prolong invocation after stoning the Jamrah Sughra and Wusta. Sayeed ibn jubayr may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “They (the Companions) would stand at the two Jamrahs for as long as it takes to recite Surat Al-Baqarah.”

‡ The pilgrim should adhere to the etiquette of invocation and make invocation in an insistent manner. He should also show neediness and humility and say the invocations that combine asking for good in this life and the next.

‡ It is a form of charity (loyalty) to make invocation for those who have done good to you, such as your parents, teacher, shaykh and the angels will say: “Ameen, and may you also be blessed with the same.”

The appointed time for throwing the pebbles:
-aabir  may Allaah be pleased with him, reported: “I saw the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,throw (the
104
pebbles) on the day of sacrifce at Dhuha (forenoon-when the sun has risen to the height of a spear until just before the sun passes its zenith). As for the next stoning it is after Zawaal (mid-day).”1 ‘Aa’ishah, may Allaah be pleased with her, reported: “The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam remained at Mina on the nights of the Tashreeq days throwing (pebbles) at the Jamrah when the sun had (disappeared) (mid-day).”2 Ibn ‘Abbaas, may Allaah be pleased with him, reported: “The Prophet,sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,threw (pebbles) at the Jimaar when the sun had disappeared (mid-day).”3 Ibn ‘Umar, may Allaah be pleased with him, reported: “We would watch (the sun) and when the sun had disappeared (at mid-day) we threw the pebbles.”4 Zawaal (mid-day) is the time that Thuhrprayer enters.

Throwing the pebbles before mid-day:
Shaykh Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “It is not permissible to throw the pebbles on the eleventh day, the twelfth, and the thirteenth before midday, as the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,only threw the pebbles after mid-day, and he told people to: “Take [learn] your rituals from me.”5The fact that the Prophet,sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam,delayed throwing the pebbles until this time in spite of the
1 Reported by Abu 'aawood and At Tirmithi and Al Albaani ruled it as authentic.
2 5eported by Abu 'aawood and Al Albaani ruled it as authentic.
3 Reported by Ahmad (2635) and it is a sound narration.
4 Reported by Al-Bukhaari (1746).
5 Reported Al-Bayhaqi (9796) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic.
105
extreme heat, leaving the beginning of the day when it is cooler and easier, is evidence that it is not permissible before this time.”

The order of throwing the pebbles at the Jamaraat:
‡ The order for throwing the pebbles at the Jimaar is: the Sughra then the Wusta then the ‘Aqabah.

If it is done in reverse, only the Sughra is valid and it is obligatory, if the time has not passed, to throw pebbles at the Wusta then the ‘Aqabah.

‡ The person who is unable to throw the pebbles everyday can combine them on the last day and throw the pebbles at the Jimaar in order; at the Sughra then the Wusta then the ‘Aqabah. He then returns and throws pebbles at the Jimaar of the second day and the third day.1

‡ It is not permissible to believe that the Jamaraat (pillars) are chained devils.

Some rulings concerning the stoning of the Jamaraat:
‡ It is not valid to stone with anything other than pebbles, such as wood, cement, or dry mud.

‡ The number of pebbles thrown should not pass seven.

‡ There are several cases when it comes to the pebbles:
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
106
1. Being sure that the pebbles have reached. In this case it is not permissible to repeat.

2. Being sure that they have not reached and in this case he must repeat.

3. To think that they most likely have reached and in this case he does not repeat.

4. To think that they most likely have not reached and in this case he must repeat.

5. To be in doubt and in this case he repeats.

‡ ,t is fne if one forJets to throw one or two pebbles, as for three then the person must offer a sacrifce.1

‡ It is permissible to use pebbles that pilgrims have dropped and have not reached the basin or the pebbles they are not in need of. However, you should not take another person’s pebbles without asking permission. It is also permissible to purchase pebbles.

‡ It is an innovation to wash the pebbles unless they are impure.

Appointing someone to throw the pebbles on your behalf:
‡ The ones who can appoint somebody on their behalf are the ill, elderly and incapable or pregnant woman who fears for her child, or the young child…etc.
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
107
‡ A person should not throw pebbles for someone else unless they have appointed them by speech, such as saying: throw pebbles for me or by action, such as giving the person pebbles to throw on their behalf.

‡ The one throwing on behalf of someone must be a pilgrim. It is not permissible to appoint workers who are non-pilgrims for instance.

‡ The one throwing on someone’s behalf must throw seYen pebbles for himself frst and then for the person who appointed him at the Jamrah Sughra and then does the same for the Wusta and ‘Aqabah.1

‡ If the person appointed does not throw the pebbles without having a valid excuse, then he must repent and inform the one who appointed him. The one who appointed him must offer a sacrifce for not completinJ the stoninJ and he can demand the Yalue of the sacrifce from the person he appointed on his behalf as he was the reason for this.2

‡ The one who appoints someone to throw the pebbles on his behalf should not start the farewell Tawaaf until he has ensured that his stoning has been completed.
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
2 Reported by the Permanent Committee.
108
Some rulings concerning the one who leaves Mina early:
‡ Throwing the pebbles before ‘Asr prayer is easier and less crowded than throwing them directly after Thuhrprayer for the one leaving early.

‡ The person should throw the pebbles and then depart from Mina before Maghrib prayer. As for the one who stays at Mina he can throw the pebbles of the twelfth day even if it is after sunset.

‡ The one who leaves early should not throw the pebbles of the thirteenth day and the total sum of pebbles he throws for the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth days is forty nine pebbles. As for the one who remains the total is seventy pebbles.

The intention of hastening (to leave):
The one who intends to leave early, gathers his belongings and prepares to depart but the coach is delayed and does not reach until after Maghrib prayer, in this case the hastening is still valid and there is not expiation.1

Based on the religious verdict of scholars who say it is permissible to stone at night, the one who intends to leave early and prepares for it and wishes to stone and then depart but it is delayed by the crowds that prevent him from reaching the Jamaraat until after sunset, it is permissible to throw the pebbles on
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
109
the twelfth day and depart from Mina without offering an expiation.1
1 Reported by ‘Abdur-Rahmaan Al-Barraak, may Allaah have mercy on him.

The Hady, sacrifce and ransom

Some rulings concerning the Hady:
‡ The inhabitants of Makkah are not obligated to offer the Hady of Hajj Tamattu’ or Qiraan.

‡ The time of slaughtering: the day of ‘Eed and the three days that follow it only.

‡ It is permissible to borrow money to purchase the Hady but it is not obligatory and it is suffcient to fast.

‡ The Hady slaughtered outside of the Haram such as at ‘Arafaat, or -eddah  is not Yalid eYen if it is offered to people within the Haram. It must be repeated even if the person was ignorant.

‡ It is not permissible to slaughter the Hady to then dispose of it or leave it somewhere to waste not beneft from.1

The Hady (sacrifce of the pilgrim) and sacrifce of nonpilgrims:
The Hady is the pilJrim•s sacrifce and there is also a sacrifce for people in other countries non pil-grims).
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
111
The one who intends to perform Hajj and to offer a sacrifce Hady there and also leaYes a sacrifice in his own country, cannot cut his hair or nails from the frst of Thul-Hijjah until he slauJhters his sacrifice (in his country), except for the one performing Hajj Tamattu’. This person should cut his hair to leave the Ihraam of ‘Umrah. As for the one who intends to offer the Hady sacrifce only then is it permissible to cut his hair and nails whenever he wishes until he enters the state of Ihraam and he does not come under the rulinJ of one offerinJ the sacrifce.

The one who has a sacrifce in his country and traYels to Hajj, should not shaYe his hair until he slauJhters the sacrifice but if he does shave due to ignorance then there is no ransom. It is the approved opinion that stoning the Jamrat Al-‘Aqabah suffces for leaYinJ the state of IhraamAsghar (all the things forbidden during Ihraam are now permissible except for intimacy.)1

SlaughterinJ the sacrifce is not a condition for leaYinJ the state of Ihraam Asghar or Akbar (all the things forbidden during Ihraam are now permissible).

The difference between the ransom, the Hady and the sacrifce:
‡ The sacrifce of ransom this is what is obliJatory upon the pilgrim or one performing ‘Umrah due to committing something forbidden during the state of Ihraam or due to not carrying out
1 Reported by Ibn Baaz, may Allaah have mercy on him.
112
an obligation. It is not permissible to eat from it nor to gift it, instead it must be given to the poor.

‡ The sacrifce of Hady: this is obligatory upon the ones performing Hajj Tamattu’ or Qiraan and is Sunnah for the one performing Ifraad. It must be slaughtered within the Haram and the person can eat from it and offer it as a gift or charity.

‡ The sacrifce  this is what is slauJhtered in other countries and places on the days of ‘Eed Al-Adhha for the sake of Allaah and the person can eat from it and gift from it and offer some as charity.

Some of the differences between the Hady and sacrifce:
‡ The sacrifce is slauJhtered in all countries as for the Hady it can only be slaughtered at Makkah.

‡ The sacrifce is Sunnah, as for the Hady it is sometimes Sunnah and sometimes obligatory.

‡ )or the sacrifce an ewe is Yalid for a man and his family, but for the Hady it is valid for one person only.

‡ The sacrifce is not slauJhtered before the ‘Eed prayer unlike the Hady.
113
‡ The one offerinJ the sacrifce must not cut hair or nails from the beginning of the month unlike the one offering the Hady.
114
Farewell Tawaaf
Some rulings concerning the Farewell Tawaaf:
‡ It is fne for the pilJrim after the Farewell Tawaaf to sit and wait for the group (coach) to leave, or for the coach to arrive, or to have dinner or buy something he needs.

‡ Farewell Tawaaf is not obligatory upon the woman on her menses or in the post-partum period.

‡ It is not permissible to depart from Makkah for the one who has only the Farewell Tawaaf to complete and if he does leaYe it is not suffcient to only perform Tawaaf, he must also offer a sacrifce.

‡ The inhabitants of Jeddah and Baheerah must also perform the Farewell Tawaaf.

‡ It is fne for someone to return to Mina for a reason after Farewell Tawaaf.

The Tawaaf of a woman on her menses:
‡ The woman on her menses does not perform the Farewell Tawaaf if she has performed Tawaaf
115
Al-Ifaadhah (the Tawaaf performed after stoning the Jamrat Al-‘Aqabah.)

‡ The woman who has not performed Tawaaf AlIfaadhah cannot perform the Farewell Tawaaf (it is not valid) and so her guardian must remain with her until she is pure even if the group leaves.

‡ If it is troublesome for them to remain then they can travel but she must remain in the state of Ihraam and all the matters that are forbidden during Ihraam are permissible for her except for intimacy with her husband.

‡ When she is pure she must return to Makkah to perform Tawaaf and complete her Hajj.

The best among you are the best to their wives:
‡ In these cases, Hajj displays the chivalry of men when it comes to taking care of their wives and being patient with them, even when she is on her menses and are thus delayed or must return because of her. This is following the way of the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, and how he consoled ‘Aa’ishah, may Allaah be pleased with her, when she was on her menses.

‡ Some women who are shy to inform their guardians that they are on their menses can fall into forbidden (acts) and it can result in compli-
116
cated rulings and so this matter should be clear and treated with gentleness and patience.

And seek forgiveness from Allaah:
Allaah the Almighty has commanded His servants to seek forgiveness. When the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, completed his prayer he would say Astaghfrullaah (I seek forgiveness from Allaah) three times and Allaah has praised His servants for their seeking forgiveness after standing in night prayers.

Allaah Says:
(والمستغفرين بالأسحار).
« …and those who seek forgiveness before dawn.» [Qur’aan 3: 17]

And during Hajj, Allaah Says:
(ثم أفيضوا مِنْ حيث أفاض الناس واستغفروا الله إنَّ الله غفُورٌ رحيمٌ).
«Then depart from the place from where [all] the people depart and ask forgiveness of Allaah. Indeed, Allaah is Forgiving and Merciful.» [Qur’aan 2: 199]

This indicates that there is defciency and a slave cannot perform worship perfectly even if he exerts effort to do so.

The last ritual: Farewell Tawaaf:
‡ The person who intends to hasten and leave during the day appointing someone to stone on
117
his behalf, then departs and performs the Farewell Tawaaf, but the person appointed throws the pebbles at night then in this case he is still considered to have hastened, but he must repeat the Farewell Tawaaf. If he travels without repeatinJ it then he must offer a sacrifce.

‡ The one who performs farewell Tawaaf before slaughterinJ the sacrifce Hady) then he must repeat Tawaaf as slaughtering is part of the ritual and it is not permissible to delay any ritual until after the farewell Tawaaf. If the person travels without doing so he must offer a sacrifce for not performinJ farewell Tawaaf.1
1 Reported by ‘Abdur-Rahmaan Al-Barraak, may Allaah have mercy on him.
118
A variety of rulings/matters
Serving other pilgrims:
The pilgrim and traveler serving their brothers is a great worship. Mujaahid, may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “I accompanied Ibn ‘Umar, may Allaah be pleased with him, while traveling to serve him, and he would serve me.”

Similarly, one of the Salaf accompanied a wealthy trader to Hajj and when they returned the trader said: ‘By Allaah I never thought there were people like him, he was Jenerous with me eYen thouJh he was in diffculty and I am wealthy.

He served me even though he was a weak old man and I am young and he cooked for me when he was fasting and I was not.’

Help one another in righteousness:
Helping police and security to protect the security of Hajj is included in what Allaah Says:
(وتعاونوا على البرِّ والتَّقوى).
«And cooperate in righteousness and piety» [Qur’aan 5: 2]

Some evil people mingle among the pilgrims in the crowds to assault women and steal people’s be-
119
longings. They wait, watching out for them to enter the Haram with their wallets and bags. So be careful and only carry your Jroup ,' documents and what is necessary.

Monitor your heart:
The Muslim in Hajj should fJht himself to achieve humility, the remembrance of Allaah, to recite supplications and to achieve the meaning of Hajj (in the heart), despite the busy crowds. The virtue attached to the heart’s state in worship comes before the virtue related to the external state of worship when they oppose each other. For instance, if Tawaaf near the Ka’bah occupies you from having humility and being distant from it makes the heart more mindful, then you should choose to perform Tawaaf at a distance with the humility and submission. The same goes for delaying stoning the Jamaraat instead of stoning as soon as the time starts.

A Prophetic piece of advice:
‡ The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“If a calamity befalls you, do not say: if I only I had done such and such.

Instead say:

Qaddar Allaahu wa ma sha’ fa’al [Allaah decrees and what He wills He does] as, if opens the door to the acts of Satan.”1 This is a valuable Prophetic piece of advice that the pilgrims need when de-parting and choosing roads and ways and during their traveling from one place to another.
‡
The one who is returning by car must rest suffcientl\ and not end others to danger. O Allaah keep the pilgrims safe and ease their traveling and accept from them (their Hajj).
1 Reported by Muslim (2664).

Spreading the Sunnah and defeating innovations:
The one who witnesses the many innovations that some pilgrims commit such as wiping Maqaam Ibraaheem (the standing place of Ibraaheem (Abraham), may Allaah exalt his mention to gain blessings, circumambulating the “white sign” at the top of mount ‘Arafaat, or making the Bay’ah mosque a place to visit, reciting supplications that are not proven to be said at certain times, washing the pebbles of Jimaar and the like realizes the great blessing of the Sunnah and realizes the importance of inviting others to Allaah and teaching it to others warning people of the dangers of innovation.

Allaah Says:
(ليشهدوا منافع لهم).
«That they may witness [i.e. attend] benefts for themselves» [Qur’aan 22: 28]

‡ 2ne of these benefts is that Hajj is a great opportunity for inviting others to Allaah and some of the means to do that include:

The Pilgrim’s Provision
121
‡ Offering individual advice to Muslims.
‡ Guiding the pilgrim on how to carry out the rituals and people who speak several languages have a wider role in this.
‡ Using Bluetooth service.
‡ Spreading the mobile numbers of scholars and Fatwa centersamong people.
‡ Organizing lectures by scholars for the Hajj groups.
‡ 6preadinJ benefcial books.
‡ Making a guidance kit for the pilgrim in his own language.

His tongue did not cease:
Shujaa’ ibn Al-Waleed, may Allaah have mercy on him, said: “I used to perform Hajj with Sufyaan may Allaah have mercy on him, and his tongue did not stop enjoining good and forbidding evil going there and returning.” This is a behavior that the educator should assimilate in obedience to Allaah and thus the students will follow in his steps and the pilJrims will beneft. The pilJrims are in dire need of someone to guide and advise them and warn and correct them.

Until his feet were swollen:
Some pilgrims complain about their feet swelling from excessive walking or sitting for long peri-
122
ods of time on the coach. We must remember that this swelling of the feet during worship happened to the Prophet,sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, as he stood in night prayer until his feet swelled.1 This also happened to some of the Salaf and the Taabi’een (the generation who came after the Companions), such as Masrooq, Abu Al-Munthir Al-Waasiti, may Allaah have mercy on them, and others. So glad tidings to you, and great reward from Allaah if you are patient and await your reward, as Allaah does not make the reward of those who do righteous deeds in the most perfect manner lost.

Fighting the Nafs (self):
Hajj is an opportunity to nurture the soul in obedience and to be cautious of committing sins. Something that one should be extremely cautious of during the rituals is directing the gaze to what is forbidden as it is a weakness of the Nafs, in addition to falling into the relations that Allaah has forbidden.

The Muslim must strive to accustom himself when moYinJ and walkinJ around to fulfll the riJhts of the road; the Prophet,sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said: “Lowering the gaze [so that you may not stare at unlawful things]; refraining from doing harm to others, responding to greeting a ‘alaykum
1 Reported by Al-Bukhaari and Muslim.
123
assalaam to one another] and enjoining good and forbidding evil.”1

A shameful contradiction:
A funny incident that occurred: a pilgrim was seen wearing a face mask with a cigarette in his hand and he would pull the mask off to smoke, so what was the point of wearinJ a mask in the frst place"

Everyone is joyful:
A new Swedish Muslim revert says: something that caught my attention is that there are no entertainment venues at Hajj but despite that everyone is happy.

Allaah Says:
(قل بفضل الله وبرحمته فبذلك فليفرحوا هو خير مما يجمعون).
«Say, “In the bounty of Allaah and in His mercy, in that let them rejoice; it is better than what they accumulate.”» [Qur’aan 10: 58]

Ask the people of knowledge:
Ignorance is a shameful and disgraceful enemy.

An example of ignorance is someone who was bald and so shaved his moustache when leaving the state of Ihraam.

Another example is a group of people who were following their guide in Tawaaf who instructs them to say supplications. The guider’s Ghutra (head
1 Reported by An-Nasaa’i in his book As-Sunan Al-Kubra (11362) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic.
124
cover) fell off in the crowds. He said: “Pick up the Ghutrah O boy”, and the people repeated it after him!

Another person performed Farewell Tawaaf before its appointed time and so to rectify that he did another seven rounds in the opposite direction as an ignorant person told him to do. Another person left the Haram and waved to the Ka’bah instead of performing the farewell Tawaaf!

Ignorance is a disease:
Another sign of ignorance is cursing and swearing at the Jamaraat (pillars). Also, someone was seen stoning Jamrat Al-‘Aqabah on the tenth day with ‘Eed sweets! Another two stood at the end of Hajj with one negotiating the other to buy his Hajj from him for his deceased father!Another person performed Hajj on behalf of his mother and thought that he had to pray the two Rak’ah’s of Tawaaf in the women’s section! A woman only remembered to cut her hair when she had returned to her country so an ignorant person told her that it was obligatory to send the hair to be placed at mount Marwah!
125
The end of Hajj
The day his mother bore him:
The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“He will return like the day his mother bore him.”Meaning like a white page without sin, and this is for those who have an acceptable pilgrimage. If you are one of these people, then it is only proper to preserve this clean page and if you are not one of them you must amend your neglect before it is too late.

Ibn Abu Rawwaad, may Allaah have mercy on him, said:
“I lived in the time of the Companions and they strove to perform righteous deeds, and when completed them they were anxious as to whether it was accepted from them or not.”1

Their hearts are fearful:
A great season dedicated to obedience and righteous deeds has passed by and the belieYer has Jathered benefcence and fear of punishment. As for the hypocrites, they have gathered offence and the assurance of being punished. ‘Aa’ishah, may Allaah be pleased with her, asked the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, about the verse, Allaah Says:
1 Reported by Ibn Abu Rawwaad in his book Lataa’if Al Ma’aarif (p.209).
126
(وقلوبهم وجلة).
« … while their hearts are fearful» [Qur’aan 23: 60]
She asked; are these the ones who drink alcohol and steal?

He said:
”No, but those who fast and pray and give charity and are afraid it will not be accepted from them.”1

Allaah Says:
(أولئك يسارعون في الخيرات وهم لها سابقون).
«It is those who hasten to good deeds, and they outstrip [others] therein.» [Qur’aan 23: 61]

The end of the rituals:
Allaah ended the rituals and commanded us to remember him.

Allaah Says:
(فإذا قضيتم مناسككم فاذكروا الله كذكركم آبائكم أو أشد ذكراً).
«And when you have completed your rites, remember Allaah like your [previous] remembrance of your fathers or with [much] greater remembrance.» [Qur’aan 2: 200]

This is so the Muslim remains upon steadfastness and righteousness, and continues to advance on the path of piety and success. The person who is this situation during these days (of Hajj) should continue after his pilgrimage what he did during the pilgrim-
1 Reported by At-Tirmithi (3175) and Al-Albaani ruled it as authentic in his book Saheeh At-Tirmithi.
127
age; which is undertaking the remembrance of Allaah and the humility of servitude toward Him.

Continuous good deeds:
Before performing the Farewell Tawaaf, you made a lot of supplication and remembrance of Allaah, so make it a habit and not just part of a discontinued season. You eagerly inquired about the rulings of Hajj, now make it a custom in all parts of your life. You were cautious about the prohibitions of Ihraam, now be more cautious and distant from the forbidden. You were tested with some hardships, but do not waste the reward of those hardships by frequently complaining. Pride and showing off invalidate your good deeds and you should conceal what occurred between you and your Lord; the supplication and weeping and humbleness.

You performed Hajj, didn’t you?
The one who has performed Hajj has completed the five pillars of islam so why does he seek to demolish this structure? Somebody performed Hajj in the past and after Hajj he wanted to commit a sin. A man called out to him  ´Woe unto you didn•t you perform Hajj?!

And so Allaah safeguarded him through these words and he continued on the straight path.

What you gain from Hajj:
Hajj is a great opportunity to get used to performing obligations such as praying Fajr in congregation, staying away from committing sins like listening to music
128
and watching corrupt channels. It was an opportunity to accustom your Nafs (self) to do the opposite of what is familiar, such as removing your usual clothes, sleeping in the open air and the gravel and stones in Muzdalifah, enduring the disturbance of others, the cold, mosquitoes and queuing to use the bathroom. These are important gains that will help you in various life matters.

Gathering for a dinner:
it is fne for pilJrim•s family friends and neiJhbors to celebrate his return by having a dinner due to Allaah’s blessing upon him in completing the rituals of Hajj. ,t is fne for the pilJrim to do this and inYite whoever he wishes.

Even the prick he receives from a thorn:
any pilJrims are afÁicted with symptoms of in- Áammation and colds after returninJ from Hajj that may persist for a long time. This is by Allaah’s Will, something that will complete their reward and compensate for any neglect or faults and expiate sins.

The Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, said:
“No fatigue, nor disease, nor sorrow, nor sadness, nor hurt, no distress befalls a Muslim, even if it were the prick he receives from a thorn, but Allaah expiates some of his sins for that.”1 So how about when it results from obedience and worship of Allaah the Almighty?!
1 Reported by Al-Bukhaari (5642).

There are glad tidings for the one who intends to perform Hajj, as he is under Allaah’s security and protection, expiates his sins and wards off poverty.

Paradise is the reward for an accepted Hajj and the pilgrim is one of Allaah’s delegation, whom He called and they responded.

Hajj is an education concerning submission to Allaah at that period of time, within the boundaries of its location, its rituals, their form, number, location, and their order. The successful person is the one who benefts from Hajj by surrendering to the rulings of Allaah the Almighty and complying with them joyfully.

This booklet is a benefcial summarized pamphlet on Hajj (pilgrimage). It covers the virtue of Hajj, its rulings and what occurs during Hajj. It is taken from the app Jawwaal Zaad, which has been published upon request. We ask Allaah to make it a means of beneft for all pilgrims.